Table 7.

Effects of feeding broccoli extract and various essential oils on relative mRNA expression of various pro- and anti-inflammatory parameters in colon of DSS-treated rats compared to an untreated control.

Colon	Period	Experimental group compared
		with untreated control rats
Gene		DSS	BE	Cuo	To	Ro
	Phase 1	—	↔	↔	↔	↔
Nrf2	Phase 2	↓	↓	↔	↓	↓
	Phase 3	↔	↔	↔	↔	↔
	Phase 1	—	↔	↔	↔	↑
Keap1	Phase 2	↔	↔	↔	↔	↔
	Phase 3	↔	↔	↔	↔	↔
	Phase 1	—	↔	↔	↔	↔
HO1	Phase 2	↔	↔	↔	↔	↔
	Phase 3	↔	↔	↔	↑	↔
	Phase 1	—	↔	↔	↔	↔
NQO1	Phase 2	↔	↔	↔	↓	↔
	Phase 3	↔	↔	↔	↔	↔
	Phase 1	—	↓	↔	↔	↔
SOD1	Phase 2	↔	↔	↔	↔	↔
	Phase 3	↔	↔	↔	↔	↔
	Phase 1	—	↔	↔	↔	↑
GPx2	Phase 2	↔	↔	↑	↔	↔
	Phase 3	↓	↓	↓	↓	↓
	Phase 1	—	↓	↔	↔	↑
GSTK1	Phase 2	↔	↔	↔	↓	↓
	Phase 3	↔	↓	↓	↓	↓
	Phase 1	—	↔	↔	↔	↑
GSTP1	Phase 2	↔	↔	↔	↓	↔
	Phase 3	↓	↓	↓	↓	↓
	Phase 1	—	↔	↑	↔	↑
GSTT2	Phase 2	↓	↓	↓	↓	↓
	Phase 3	↔	↔	↔	↔	↔

Different arrows summarize the expression results: ↔: no effect, ↑: increase, and ↓: decrease. For statistically analyzed means ± SEM see Table 10.