Table 1.
Characteristics (Mean ± SD) of the 491 2- and 3-year-old Children in the Hispanic Children’s Health Study, New York, total Children and by Gender.
| Characteristics | Boys | Girls | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mean ± SD or median (interquartile range) | |||
| Age (months) | 32.5 ± 5.9 | 33.6 ± 6.2* | 33.0 ± 6.1 |
| Anthropometric variables | |||
| Weight (kg) | 14.9 ± 2.4 | 14.8 ± 2.7 | 14.9 ± 2.6 |
| Height (cm) | 93.2 ± 5.4 | 92.7 ± 5.4 | 92.9 ± 5.4 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 17.2 ± 1.9 | 17.1 ± 2.1 | 17.2 ± 2.0 |
| Ponderal index (kg/m3) | 18.6 ± 2.4 | 18.5 ± 2.5 | 18.6 ± 2.4 |
| Sum of skinfolds (mm) | 30.1 ± 9.2 | 32.8 ± 12.1 | 31.4 ± 10.8 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 50.3 ± 3.7 | 50.3 ± 3.8 | 50.3 ± 3.8 |
| Metabolic variables | |||
| Glucose (mg/dL) | 79.2 ± 11.8 | 77.4 ± 10.8 | 78.3 ± 11.4 |
| Insulin (μU/ml) | 6.4 ± 7.8 | 7.6 ± 8.9 | 6.9 ± 8.4 |
| Insulin Resistance Index | 1.4 ± 2.2 | 1.5 ± 2.2 | 1.5 ± 2.2 |
| Inflammatory markers | |||
| CRP (mg/L) | 0.7 ± 1.4 | 0.8 ± 1.4 | 0.8 ± 1.4 |
| IL-6 (pg/mL) | 1.3 (0.9,2.6) 2.3 ± 2.6 |
1.5 (0.9,2.6) 2.6 ± 2.9 |
1.4 (0.9,2.4) 2.4 ± 2.8 |
| TNF-α (pg/mL) | 9.3 (6.9,12.5) 10.2 ± 7.2 |
7.9 (5.9,11.4) 9.5 ± 9.6 |
8.7 (6.3,11.9) 9.8 ± 8.4 |
| sVCAM (ng/mL) | 1004.0 (840.8,1239.6) 1082.7 ± 377.6 |
1027.6 (856.2,1205.6) 1072.1 ± 315.5 |
1018.5 (848.9,1233.4) 1077.6 ± 348.9 |
| sICAM (ng/mL) | 362.8 (314.9,411.3) 353.4 ± 96.9 |
365.9 (313.8,409.3) 359.7 ± 93.1 |
364.6 (314.8,410.4) 356.4 ± 95.1 |
| E-selectin (ng/mL) | 98.5 (76.3,121.6) 101.9 ± 34.2 |
99.3 (77.8,125.9) 103.8 ± 33.7 |
98.9 (77.1,124.1) 102.8 ± 33.9 |
p- value based on t-test or Wilcoxon test at 0.05
*
p = 0.04