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Estimated social contribution levels at Waves 1 and 2 plotted for adults who increased, decreased, or did not appreciably change on conscientiousness across time. The y-axis is scaled to reflect a full standard deviation centered on the Wave 2 mean for social contribution. Note. Decliners were defined as individuals at least 1 SD below 0 on trait change, increasers were at least 1 SD above 0 on trait change, and the no change group was between −1 and 1 SD around 0 on trait change.
