Table 3.
Participant characteristics at baseline by treatment condition: buprenorphine/naloxone (BUP/NLX) or methadone (MET)
| Characteristic | All randomized participants | Completers only | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BUP/NLX (n = 26) | MET (n = 28) | p-value | BUP/NLX (n = 13) | MET (n = 13) | p-value | |
| Demographics | ||||||
| Age, mean (SD) | 39.0 (10.9) | 37.7 (8.6) | 0.621 | 34.4 (7.1) | 37.7 (9.1) | 0.311 |
| Gender, No. (% male) | 17 (65.4) | 12 (42.9) | 0.111 | 8 (61.5) | 6 (46.2) | 0.695 |
| Race, No. (% white) | 20 (76.9) | 26 (92.9) | 0.135 | 11 (84.6) | 11 (84.6) | 1.000 |
| Marital Status, No. (% married) | 5 (19.2) | 9 (32.1) | 0.358 | 4 (30.8) | 5 (38.5) | 1.000 |
| Education, No. (% attended college) | 9 (34.6) | 12 (42.9) | 0.586 | 4 (30.8) | 6 (46.2) | 0.688 |
| Employment, No. (% unemployed) | 18 (69.2) | 19 (67.9) | 1.000 | 10 (76.9) | 7 (53.9) | 0.411 |
| Health Insurance, No. (% Medicaid) | 17 (65.4) | 12 (42.9) | 0.111 | 8 (61.5) | 3 (23.1) | 0.111 |
| Drug and Alcohol History | ||||||
| Age of onset of opioid use, mean (SD) | 31.2 (11.2) | 28.0 (6.5) | 0.211 | 26.7 (6.1) | 28.0 (5.6) | 0.575 |
| Age of onset of opioid problem, mean (SD) | 33.7 (10.7) | 31.3 (7.1) | 0.324 | 29.5 (6.3) | 31.9 (5.6) | 0.320 |
| Family History, No. (% pos. alcohol or drug history) | 13 (50.0) | 18 (64.3) | 0.409 | 6 (46.2) | 6 (46.2) | 1.000 |
| Treatment History | ||||||
| Prior outpatient treatment, No. (% yes) | 13 (50.0) | 12 (42.9) | 0.785 | 7 (53.8) | 5 (38.5) | 0.695 |
| Prior inpatient treatment, No. (% yes) | 15 (57.7) | 10 (35.7) | 0.172 | 7 (53.8) | 4 (30.8) | 0.428 |
| Prior treatment for mental illness, No. (% yes) | 13 (50.0) | 15 (53.6) | 1.000 | 7 (53.8) | 8 (61.5) | 1.000 |
| Criminal History | ||||||
| Number of arrests, mean (SD) | 4.6 (7.1) | 3.2 (5.5) | 0.406 | 4.4 (6.9) | 1.0 (2.0) | 0.102 |
| Ever convicted of a crime, No. (%yes) | 14 (53.8) | 11 (39.3) | 0.413 | 8 (61.5) | 1 (7.7) | 0.011* |
| Number of convictions, mean (SD) | 3.0 (4.7) | 1.5 (3.5) | 0.196 | 3.6 (5.5) | 0.1 (0.3) | 0.040* |
| Outcomes at baseline | ||||||
| Pain score, mean (SD) | 5.9 (2.1) | 6.9 (1.4) | 0.064 | 6.3 (0.8) | 6.3 (1.5) | 0.902 |
| Functioning score, mean (SD) | 4.4 (2.0) | 5.6 (1.7) | 0.035* | 4.6 (1.7) | 5.2 (1.7) | 0.430 |
| Positive urine for opiates, No. (% yes) | 10 (38.5) | 10 (35.7) | 0.783 | 5 (38.5) | 6 (46.2) | 1.000 |
| Positive urine for cocaine, No. (% yes) | 1 (3.9) | 6 (21.4) | 0.104 | 0 (0.0) | 1 (7.7) | 1.000 |
| Positive urine for any other drugs, No. (% yes) | 10 (38.5) | 10 (35.7) | 0.783 | 6 (46.2) | 6 (46.2) | 1.000 |
| Self-reported use of opiates, No. (%yes) | 8 (30.8) | 13 (46.4) | 0.403 | 3 (23.1) | 8 (61.5) | 0.123 |
| Self-reported use of alcohol, No. (%yes) | 6 (23.1) | 6 (21.4) | 1.000 | 5 (38.5) | 2 (15.4) | 0.182 |
| Self-reported use of any other drugs, No. (%yes) | 7 (26.9) | 11 (39.3) | 0.562 | 4 (30.8) | 5 (38.5) | 1.000 |
*
p-value: α < 0.05