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. 2013 Feb 1;91(2):93–101. doi: 10.2471/BLT.12.108944

Table 1. People injecting opioids who were infected with the human immunodeficiency virus and received antiretroviral therapy (ART), with or without methadone maintenance treatment (MMT), China, 2002–2011.

Characteristic No. (%) of participants
All ART only ART + MMT
Demographic characteristic
Age, years
    15–29 4 574 (19.2) 3 642 (19.5) 932 (18.1)
   30–39 14 265 (59.9) 11 114 (59.6) 3151 (61.1)
   ≥ 40 4 974 (20.9) 3 896 (20.9) 1 078 (20.9)
   Median (IQR), years 34.0 (30.0–39.0) 34.0 (30.0–39.0) 35.0 (31.0–39.0)
Gender
   Male 20 868 (87.6) 16 436 (88.1) 4 432 (85.9)
   Female 2 945 (12.4) 2 216 (11.9) 729 (14.1)
Ethnicity
   Han Chinese 12 892 (54.1) 9 555 (51.2) 3 337 (64.7)
   Ethnic minority 8 126 (34.1) 6 652 (35.7) 1 474 (28.6)
   Missing data 2 795 (11.7) 2 445 (13.1) 350 (6.8)
Educational level
   Primary school or lower 8 154 (34.2) 6 754 (36.2) 1 400 (27.1)
   Middle school or higher 12 416 (52.1) 9 156 (49.1) 3 260 (63.2)
   Missing data 3 243 (13.6) 2 742 (14.7) 501 (9.7)
Marital status
   Single, divorced or widowed 10 796 (45.3) 7 989 (42.8) 2 807 (54.4)
   Married or cohabitating 12 876 (54.1) 10 543 (56.5) 2 333 (45.2)
   Missing data 141 (0.6) 120 (0.6) 21 (0.4)
Clinical characteristic at ART initiation
CD4+ cell count (cells/µL)
   < 50 3 927 (16.5) 3 359 (18.0) 568 (11.0)
   50–200 9 265 (38.9) 7 157 (38.4) 2 108 (40.8)
   > 200 9 907 (41.6) 7 503 (40.2) 2 404 (46.6)
   Missing data 714 (3.0) 633 (3.4) 81 (1.6)
   Median (IQR) 177.0 (80.0–264.0) 172.0 (73.0–262.0) 192.0 (109.5–267.0)
Haemoglobin concentration (g/dL)
   < 9 1 515 (6.4) 1 239 (6.6) 276 (5.3)
   9–12 5 131 (21.5) 4 047 (21.7) 1 084 (21.0)
   > 12 15 485 (65.0) 11 981 (64.2) 3 504 (67.9)
   Missing data 1 682 (7.1) 1 385 (7.4) 297 (5.8)
   Median (IQR) 13.4 (11.5–15.0) 13.4 (11.5–15.1) 13.4 (11.7–14.8)
ART
Treatment regimen
   Zidovudine, lamivudine and nevirapine or efavirenz 11 495 (48.3) 8 890 (47.7) 2 605 (50.5)
   Stavudine, lamivudine and nevirapine or efavirenz 9 271 (38.9) 7 261 (38.9) 2 010 (38.9)
   Other or missing data 3 047 (12.8) 2 501 (13.4) 546 (10.6)
Treatment facility
   Infectious disease hospital 3 739 (15.7) 2 970 (15.9) 769 (14.9)
   General hospital 15 237 (64.0) 12 007 (64.4) 3 230 (62.6)
   CDC clinic 3 290 (13.8) 2 286 (12.3) 1004 (19.5)
   Other or missing data 1 547 (6.5) 1 389 (7.4) 158 (3.1)
Follow-up status
Main outcome
   Alive and still on ART 16 321 (68.5) 12 590 (67.5) 3 731 (72.3)
   Died while on ART 3 057 (12.8) 2 519 (13.5) 538 (10.4)
   Discontinued ART 4 435 (18.6) 3 543 (19.0) 892 (17.3)
Total 23 813 (100.0) 18 652 (100.0) 5 161 (100.0)

CDC, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; IQR, interquartile range.

a All values in the table represent absolute numbers and percentages unless otherwise stated.