Table 1.
Demographic and diagnostic data
| |
GHD at retest (peak GH <5 μg/L) |
Non-GHD at retest* |
p values** |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | Organic n = 18 (M:9; F:9) | Idiopathic n = 20 (M:13; F:7) | Total n = 38 (M:22; F:16) | All patients n = 35 (M:20; F:15) | All: GHD vs. non-GHD | Idiopathic: GHD vs. non-GHD |
| n (%) patients with isolated GH deficiency |
4 (22) |
7 (35) |
11 (29) |
62 (89) |
|
|
| Age at diagnosis (yr)1 |
10.0 ± 2.2 |
4.5 ± 3.2 |
7.1 ± 3.9 |
10.5 ± 3.3 |
<0.001 |
<0.0001 |
| 10.6 (6.3, 13.7) |
4.6 (0.1, 11.6) |
7.2 (0.1, 13.7) |
11.0 (2.2, 16.9) |
|||
| Age at retest (yr) |
17.9 ± 2.2 |
17.6 ± 1.8 |
17.7 ± 2.0 |
17.0 ± 1.6 |
0.08 |
0.17 |
| 18.2 (14.1, 22.4) |
17.6 (13.7, 21.9) |
17.6 (13.7, 22.4) |
16.7 (14.1, 20.2) |
|||
| Duration of childhood GH treatment (yr) 1 |
5.6 ± 2.9 |
11.4 ± 3.6 |
8.6 ± 4.4 |
5.5 ± 2.8 |
<0.01 |
<0.0001 |
| 4.6 (2.0, 11.8) |
12.2 (3.1, 16.7) |
8.1 (2.0, 16.7) |
4.7 (1.4, 12.7) |
|||
| Time off GH (yr) |
1.7 ± 1.6 |
1.5 ± 1.0 |
1.6 ± 1.3 |
0.9 ± 0.6 |
0.01 |
<0.01 |
| 1.2 (0.1, 5.0) |
1.4 (0.2, 4.2) |
1.3 (0.1, 5.0) |
0.7 (0.2, 2.2) |
|||
| Weight (kg) |
76.9 ± 18.8 |
75.5 ± 19.7 |
76.2 ± 19.0 |
60.5 ± 10.0 |
<0.001 |
<0.01 |
| 74.6 (44.9, 119.3) |
69.8 (47.1, 110.5) |
74.2 (44.9, 119.3) |
59.2 (42.5, 82.4) |
|||
| BMI (kg/m2) |
27.5 ± 6.2 |
26.4 ± 5.5 |
26.9 ± 5.8 |
21.9 ± 2.9 |
<0.001 |
<0.01 |
| 26.8 (15.1, 37.4) |
26.2 (18.6, 37.4) |
26.2 (15.1, 37.4) |
21.0 (16.6, 29.8) |
|||
| BMI SDS |
0.9 ± 1.6 |
0.9 ± 1.2 |
0.9 ± 1.4 |
0.1 ± 0.9 |
<0.001 |
<0.01 |
| 1.4 (-4.4, 2.5) |
1.4 (-1.8, 2.5) |
1.4 (-4.4, 2.5) |
0.2 (-2.3, 1.9) |
|||
| Number of additional PHDs |
2.3 ± 1.7 |
1.5 ± 1.4 |
1.9 ± 1.6 |
0.0 ± 0.2 |
<0.0001 |
<0.0001 |
| 2.5 (0.0, 4.0) |
1.5 (0.0, 4.0) |
2.0 (0.0, 4.0) |
0.0 (0.0, 1.0) |
|||
| Peak GH (μg/L) |
0.7 ± 0.9 |
0.5 ± 0.6 |
0.6 ± 0.8 |
15.2 ± 10.1 |
<0.0001 |
<0.0001 |
| 0.2 (0.1, 3.0) |
0.3 (0.0, 2.2) |
0.2 (0.0, 3.0) |
13.0 (5.0, 57.0) |
|||
| IGF-I (μg/L) |
100 ± 67 |
123 ± 78 |
112 ± 73 |
309 ± 123 |
<0.0001 |
<0.0001 |
| 86 (30, 265) |
95 (20, 248) |
93 (20, 265) |
295 (117, 738) |
|||
| IGF-I SDS |
-6.2 ± 2.4 |
-5.7 ± 2.7 |
-6.0 ± 2.5 |
-1.9 ± 1.4 |
<0.0001 |
<0.0001 |
| -6.0 (-9.8, –1.6) |
-5.8 (-11.1, –1.6) |
-5.8 (-11.1, –1.6) |
-2.0 (-5.3, 1.5) |
|||
| IGFBP-3 (μg/L) |
2.5 ± 1.0 |
2.8 ± 1.3 |
2.7 ± 1.2 |
3.8 ± 0.7 |
<0.0001 |
<0.01 |
| 2.5 (1.1, 4.5) |
2.4 (1.1, 5.9) |
2.5 (1.1, 5.9) |
3.8 (2.5, 5.4) |
|||
| IGFBP-3 SDS |
-1.4 ± 1.6 |
-1.2 ± 1.9 |
-1.3 ± 1.7 |
0.4 ± 0.8 |
<0.0001 |
<0.01 |
| -1.3 (-4.5, 1.2) | -1.4 (-4.6, 2.4) | -1.3 (-4.6, 2.4) | 0.4 (-1.2, 1.9) | |||
Values are means ± SD and median (minimum, maximum). *All patients who retested as non-GH deficient had idiopathic GH deficiency in childhood. **p values for comparisons of groups who were GH deficient vs. non-GH-deficient at retest were obtained from nonparametric Wilcoxon tests. 1Comparisons between organic vs. idiopathic patients with GHD at retest: p < 0.0001 for age at diagnosis and duration of childhood GH treatment; all others, nonsignificant.
Abbreviations: BMI = body mass index, F = female, GH = growth hormone, GHD = GH deficiency, IGF-I = insulin-like growth factor I, IGFBP-3 = insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3, kg = kilogram, M = male, m2 = meters squared, n = number, PHDs = pituitary hormone deficiencies, SDS = standard deviation score, yr = year.