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A–B. Representation of the Structure of AFP from mealworm beetle (Tenebrio molitor) (TmAFP), showing the backbone as a ribbon and the threonine residues forming the ice-binding face in a ball-and-stick model. Oxygen atoms are presented in red and carbon atoms in gray. (A) Side view of the protein. (B) Cross-section of the structure. (C–D) Models suggested for the interactions of ZRA and ZRAH with ice. See text for details.
