Nucleo-cytoplasmic shuttling of endogenous HDAC4 is dependent on neuronal activity.
A, representative images of hippocampal neurons left untreated or treated with tetrodotoxin or bicuculline and immunostained for endogenous HDAC4. Scale bar is 20 μm. B, quantitative measurements of the relative fluorescent intensity of HDAC4 signal in the nucleus compared with the signal of the cytosol. Each circle represents an independent experiment. Horizontal bars show mean values (control, 81.5 ± 2.3%; bicuculline, 81.0 ± 3.4%, p = 0.99; TTX, 96.6 ± 1.4% p = 0.002; one-way ANOVA, Dunnett's post hoc test, F = 12.34). Statistically significant difference is indicated with asterisks (**).