Table 1.
Characteristics of participants in included studies for bacterial pneumonia and Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia.
| Reference | Number. of participants | Men (%) | Mean/median age(SD) in years | Smokers (%) | Non-smokers (%) | Mean/median CD4+ count | Use of HAART |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bacterial pneumonia | |||||||
| [12] | 40 | 75 | Median 30 to 40 | NR | NR | NR | Pre HAART era |
| [21] | 867 | 99 | Mean 50 (10) | 63% | 22% former smokers,15% never smokers | NR | Post-HAART era |
| [13] | 509 | 100 | Median 30 | 80% | 20% non-smokers | 177 cells/μL | Post-HAART era |
| [23] | 5472 | 73 | Median 43 | 41% | 25% former, 34% never smokers | >350 cells/μL | Post-HAART era |
| [14] | 1130 | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | Pre-HAART era |
| [15] | 885 | 0 (all female) | Mean 36 | 76% | 24% | NR | Pre and Post HAART era |
| [16] | 1203 | 77 | Mean 36 | 66% unknown orcurrent smokers | 34% currently not smoking | 279 cells/μL | Post-HAART era |
| [17] | 300 | 56 | Mean 37 (7) | 92% | 8% non-smokers | 327 cells/μL | Post-HAART era |
| [18] | 285 | NR | Mean 34 (8) | 55% | 45% non-smokers | 182 cells/μL | Pre-HAART era |
| Bacterial pneumonia and Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia | |||||||
| 19] | 3221 | 83 | Mean 37 | 57% | 19% former smokers,24%, never smoker | 327 cells/μL | Pre-HAART era |
| [20] | 232 | 100 | Median 36 to 38 | 46% | 54% | NR | Pre-HAART era |
| [25] | 521 | 58 | Mean 42 (9) | 63% | 12% former smokers,25% never smokers | 172 cells/μL | Post-HAART era |
| Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia only | |||||||
| [22] | 2499 | 100 | NR | 39% | 61% | >200 cells/μL | Pre-HAART era |
| [24] | 54 | 59 | Mean 40 | NR | NR | 257 cells/μL | Post-HAART era |
HAART: highly active antiretroviral treatments; NA: not applicable; NR: not reported.