Table 3.
Socio-economic and obstetric background data collected from medical records
| Characteristics |
Experimental group n = 53 No. (%) |
Control group n = 50 No. (%) |
|---|---|---|
|
Mothers |
|
|
| Age (years) Md (Q1, 3) |
31 (29–34) |
33 (29–35) |
| Primipara |
43 (84) |
36 (72) |
|
Education |
|
|
| Primary |
4 (8) |
4 (9) |
| Secondary |
18 (37) |
17 (36) |
| University |
27 (55) |
26 (55) |
|
Civil status |
|
|
| Married or cohabiting |
50 (98) |
48 (98) |
|
Obstetrical data |
|
|
| Pre-eclampsia |
8 (16) |
7 (15) |
| Induction of labor |
11 (22) |
6 (12) |
| Normal vaginal delivery |
23 (45) |
31 (62) |
| Vacuum extraction |
7 (14) |
3 (6) |
| Forceps |
1 (2) |
0 (0) |
| Caesarean section birth |
|
|
| Elective |
9 (18) |
10 (20) |
| Emergency |
11 (22) |
6 (12) |
| Presentation |
|
|
| Head |
44 (88) |
44 (90) |
| Breech/foot |
6 (12) |
5 (10) |
| Oxytocin infusion |
39 (83) |
29 (73) |
| Meconium stained in amniotic fluid |
12 (24) |
15 (31) |
| Ruptured membranes >24h |
6 (12) |
7 (15) |
|
Anesthesia* |
|
|
| No anesthesia |
12 (12) |
14 (14) |
| General anesthesia |
2 (4) |
2 (4) |
| Epidural block |
21 (41) |
16 (31) |
| Spinal block |
16 (31) |
13 (27) |
| Pudendal block |
4 (8) |
2 (4) |
| Nitros oxide |
25 (51) |
33 (70) |
| Bleeding postpartum (ml) Md (Q1, 3) |
465 (317–700) |
405 (310–582) |
|
Infant |
|
|
| Gestational age (weeks) Md (range) |
39 (34–42) |
39 (34–41) |
| Birth weight (g) Md (range) |
3460 (2130–4790) |
3500 (2070–4490) |
| Gender female |
29 (55) |
27 (54) |
| Healthy full-term, Apgar >7 at 5 min |
38 (78) |
40 (85) |
| Full-term, Apgar ≤7 at 5 min |
4 (8) |
0 (0) |
| Healthy premature ≤ week 37 Apgar >7 at 5 min |
7 (14) |
6 (13) |
| Premature ≤ week 37 Apgar <7 at 5 min |
0 (0) |
1 (2) |
| Infant cared for in the neonatal ward | 10 (20) | 3 (6) |
* Some mothers had more than one types of anesthesia.