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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Mar 21.
Published in final edited form as: Annu Rev Immunol. 2013 Jan 3;31:259–283. doi: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-032712-095956

Table 1.

Role of transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulators of T cell metabolisma

Transcriptional regulators Posttranscriptional regulators
Notch: promotes glucose metabolism during T cell development PDKVAkt: ↑ Glut1 surface expression
c-Myc: ↑ glycolysis, ↑ glutamine metabolism, ↑ cell cycle genes mTOR: ↑ Glut1 surface expression, promotes effector T cells
ERRa: ↑ mitochondrial oxidation AMPK: inhibits mTOR,promotes regulatory T cells
LXR: ↓ T cell activation, ↑ cholesterol and lipid efflux ERK: ↑ glutamine uptake
HIF-1a: ↑ glycolytic genes, promotes Th17 generation
a

The metabolic program of activated T cells is regulated at both the transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels. Several key regulators are highlighted. ↑ = upregulate; ↓ = downregulate.