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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Mar 25.
Published in final edited form as: Hypertension. 2012 Oct 15;60(5):1138–1147. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.112.202143

Figure 5.

Figure 5

Absolute 10-year risk of death (A) or a cardiovascular (CV) event (B) in relation to mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) at different levels of overall systolic variability independent of the mean (VIM). Mean systolic blood pressure along the x axis covers the 5th to 95th percentile interval. The variability independent of the mean is presented by 4 risk functions corresponding with 2, 4, 6, and 9 units (approximate quartile midpoints). The risk functions were standardized to the distributions (mean or ratio) of sex, age, body mass index, heart rate, smoking and drinking, total:high-density lipoprotein serum cholesterol ratio, plasma glucose, history of CV disease, and use of β-blockers. Among 2944 participants, 401 deaths and 311 composite CV end points occurred. PSBP and PVIM indicate the significance of mean systolic blood pressure and the overall variability independent of the mean.