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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Mar 25.
Published in final edited form as: Hypertension. 2012 Nov 19;61(1):18–26. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.112.197376

Table 2. Standardized Hazard Ratios in Relation to 24-h Systolic Blood Pressure and Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate in 5322 Participants.

24-h Systolic Pressure
1/HR eGFR
End Point (No.) Model Hazard Ratio P Value Hazard Ratio P Value
Mortality
 All causes (513) A 1.12 (1.03–1.22) 0.0081 1.05 (0.91–1.20) 0.50
FA 1.12 (1.03–1.22) 0.0080 1.05 (0.91–1.21) 0.49
 Cardiovascular (206) A 1.33 (1.18–1.50) <0.0001 1.34 (1.07–1.67) 0.012
FA 1.33 (1.18–1.50) <0.0001 1.35 (1.07–1.69) 0.010
 Noncardiovascular (275) A 0.96 (0.85–1.08) 0.46 0.89 (0.74–1.08) 0.23
FA 0.95 (0.84–1.08) 0.46 0.89 (0.74–1.08) 0.23
Fatal plus nonfatal events
 All cardiovascular (555) A 1.37 (1.27–1.47) <0.0001 1.15 (1.01–1.31) 0.035
FA 1.37 (1.27–1.47) <0.0001 1.15 (1.01–1.32) 0.033
 Cardiac (335) A 1.28 (1.16–1.41) <0.0001 1.08 (0.91–1.27) 0.40
FA 1.28 (1.16–1.41) <0.0001 1.07 (0.91–1.27) 0.40
 Coronary (257) A 1.18 (1.05–1.32) 0.0056 1.07 (0.89–1.30) 0.46
FA 1.18 (1.05–1.32) 0.0055 1.08 (0.89–1.30) 0.45
 Stroke (218) A 1.57 (1.40–1.76) <0.0001 1.33 (1.08–1.64) 0.009
FA 1.57 (1.40–1.76) <0.0001 1.34 (1.08–1.66) 0.007

eGFR is the glomerular filtration rate estimated from the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration equation (CKD-EPI), as given in reference 22. Hazard ratios, presented with 95% CI, express the risk associated with a 1-SD increase in 24-h systolic blood pressure or a 1-SD decrease in eGFR. For eGFR, the inverse of the hazard ratio is presented, so that higher values, associated with lower eGFR, reflect higher risk. All models were adjusted for center, sex, age, body mass index, smoking and drinking, serum cholesterol, diabetes mellitus, history of cardiovascular disease, and antihypertensive treatment. Adjusted models (A) include either the 24-h systolic blood pressure or eGFR, whereas fully adjusted models (FA) include both 24-h systolic blood pressure and eGFR in addition to the aforementioned covariables. eGFR indicates estimated glomerular filtration rate.