TABLE 1.
Characteristics of 788 heart failure cases and 788 matched controls in US male physicians1
| Characteristics | Cases (n = 788) | Controls (n = 788) | P value |
| Total trans fat (% of total fatty acids) | 2.0 ± 0.62 | 2.1 ± 0.6 | 0.03 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 25.8 ± 3.2 | 24.6 ± 2.5 | <0.01 |
| Age (y) | 58.7 ± 8.0 | 58.7 ± 8.1 | 0.48 |
| History of atrial fibrillation (%) | 5.5 | 2.4 | <0.01 |
| History of CABG (%) | 2.4 | 0.9 | 0.02 |
| History of CAD (%) | 4.3 | 2.3 | 0.02 |
| History of type 2 diabetes (%) | 7.9 | 3.3 | <0.01 |
| Hypertension (%) | 37.3 | 24.6 | <0.01 |
| High cholesterol (%) | 14.3 | 12.4 | 0.21 |
| Current exercise (%) | 71.1 | 75.3 | 0.048 |
| Smoking status (%) | <0.01 | ||
| Never | 41.0 | 49.2 | |
| Past | 45.4 | 41.6 | |
| Current | 13.6 | 8.9 | |
| Alcohol (%) | 0.053 | ||
| Rarely | 17.0 | 14.9 | |
| Monthly | 11.4 | 8.1 | |
| Weekly | 44.7 | 46.8 | |
| Daily | 26.4 | 30.0 |
1
Except for BMI and age, data for other characteristics were not provided by all individuals. CABG, coronary artery bypass grafting; CAD, coronary artery disease.
2
Mean ± SD (all such values).