TABLE 4.
Characteristics of 18,750 individuals by quintiles of total dietary TFAs (from FFQs)1
| Dietary TFAs | ||||||
| Characteristics | Q1 (low) | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | Q5 (high) | P-trend |
| n | 3750 | 3750 | 3750 | 3750 | 3750 | |
| Total dietary TFAs (g/d)2 | 0.88 (0.02, 1.14) | 1.35 (1.14, 1.53) | 1.70 (1.53, 1.87) | 2.05 (1.87, 2.28) | 2.61 (2.28, 6.10) | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 25.0 ± 3.23 | 25.6 ± 3.3 | 26.0 ± 3.5 | 26.2 ± 3.6 | 26.6 ± 3.9 | <0.01 |
| Age (y) | 65.9 ± 8.5 | 66.0 ± 8.9 | 66.1 ± 9.2 | 66.4 ± 9.5 | 66.6 ± 9.9 | <0.01 |
| Total energy intake (kcal) | 1674.6 ± 542.1 | 1686.3 ± 524.4 | 1705.9 ± 528.2 | 1714.2 ± 509.8 | 1656.1 ± 503.7 | 0.74 |
| History of atrial fibrillation (%) | 6.3 | 6.8 | 7.0 | 7.2 | 7.8 | 0.01 |
| History of type 2 diabetes (%) | 5.0 | 5.5 | 5.1 | 5.9 | 7.9 | <0.01 |
| Hypertension (%) | 39.2 | 42.0 | 43.0 | 43.6 | 44.0 | <0.01 |
| Exercise (%) | 70.4 | 64.7 | 62.2 | 60.1 | 54.1 | <0.01 |
| Smoking status (%) | ||||||
| Never | 56.8 | 53.7 | 54.7 | 55.3 | 53.5 | 0.05 |
| Past | 41.2 | 43.5 | 42.3 | 40.5 | 41.6 | 0.36 |
| Current | 2.0 | 2.8 | 3.0 | 4.2 | 4.9 | <0.01 |
| Alcohol (%) | ||||||
| Rarely | 20.1 | 14.6 | 14.6 | 16.2 | 20.5 | 0.23 |
| Monthly | 6.4 | 7.1 | 7.2 | 7.4 | 10.1 | <0.01 |
| Weekly | 36.1 | 37.1 | 37.4 | 40.2 | 39.4 | <0.01 |
| Daily | 37.4 | 41.2 | 40.8 | 36.3 | 30.0 | <0.01 |
1
Some participants had missing data on smoking (n = 13), exercise (n = 319), diabetes (n = 21), hypertension (n = 90), and alcohol use (n = 99). FFQ, food-frequency questionnaire; Q, quintile; TFA, trans fatty acid.
2
Values are medians; ranges in parentheses.
3
Mean ± SD (all such values).