Table 4.
Sociodemographic factors associated with father involvement in pregnancy and labour: binary logistic regression
| Factors associated with father having a negative reaction to pregnancy | |
|---|---|
|
Parity |
Odds ratio (95% CI) |
| Primiparous |
reference group |
| Multiparous |
1.23 (1.03, 1.46)* |
|
Index of multiple deprivation (Quintile, 1- least deprived) | |
| 1 |
reference group* |
| 2 |
0.79 (0.60, 1.05) |
| 3 |
1.25 (0.97, 1.60) |
| 4 |
1.27 (0.97, 1.66) |
| 5 |
1.14 (0.86, 1.50) |
|
Woman’s age |
|
| <25 years |
reference group |
| 25-34 years |
0.49 (0.39, 0.61)* |
| 35+ years |
0.48 (0.37, 0.63)* |
|
Factors associated with father being present for 1 or more antenatal checks | |
|
Parity |
Odds ratio (95% CI) |
| Primiparous |
reference group |
| Multiparous |
0.35 (0.31, 0.41)* |
|
Index of multiple deprivation (Quintile, 1- least deprived) | |
| 1 |
reference group |
| 2 |
1.04 (0.86, 1.26) |
| 3 |
1.28 (1.05, 1.56)* |
| 4 |
1.08 (0.88, 1.33) |
| 5 |
1.27 (1.03, 1.58)* |
|
Woman’s age |
|
| <25 years |
reference group |
| 25-34 years |
0.79 (0.63, 0.98)* |
| 35+ years |
0.62 (0.49, 0.79)* |
|
Factors associated with father being present for labour | |
|
Parity |
Odds ratio (95% CI) |
| Primiparous |
reference group |
| Multiparous |
0.40 (0.30, 0.53)* |
|
Ethnicity |
|
| White |
reference group |
| Black and Minority Ethnic |
0.38 (0.28, 0.50)* |
|
Index of multiple deprivation (Quintile, 1- least deprived) |
|
| 1 |
reference group* |
| 2 |
0.87 (0.57, 1.34) |
| 3 |
0.79 (0.52, 1.20) |
| 4 |
0.64 (0.42, 0.97)* |
| 5 |
0.52 (0.34, 0.78)* |
|
Woman’s age |
|
| <25 years |
reference group* |
| 25-34 years |
1.05 (0.68, 1.63) |
| 35+ years |
0.66 (0.41, 1.04) |
|
Factors associated with father not being at all involved in obtaining information and decision-making | |
|
Parity |
Odds ratio (95% CI) |
| Primiparous |
reference group |
| Multiparous |
3.11 (2.54, 3.80)* |
|
Index of multiple deprivation (Quintile, 1- least deprived) |
|
| 1 |
reference group |
| 2 |
1.17 (0.87, 1.56) |
| 3 |
1.44 (1.09, 1.91)* |
| 4 |
1.36 (1.01, 1.83)* |
| 5 |
1.44 (1.07, 1.95)* |
|
Woman’s age |
|
| <25 years |
reference group |
| 25-34 years |
0.76 (0.57, 1.01) |
| 35+ years |
0.69 (0.50, 0.94)* |
|
Factors associated with father being involved in infant care | |
|
Parity |
Odds ratio (95% CI) |
| Primiparous |
reference group |
| Multiparous |
0.79 (0.68, 0.92)* |
|
Index of multiple deprivation (Quintile, 1- least deprived) |
|
| 1 |
reference group |
| 2 |
1.11 (0.87, 1.41) |
| 3 |
1.14 (0.90, 1.45) |
| 4 |
1.35 (1.06, 1.73)* |
| 5 | 1.56 (1.22, 2.00)* |
* p < 0.05 Adjusted for maternal age, ethnicity, parity and Index of Multiple Deprivation.