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Subjective mood ratings over the day for (a) stress, (b) happiness, (c) tiredness at waking + 30 min, waking + 2.5 h, waking + 8 h, waking + 12 h and bedtime for early shifts (♦, full black line), late shifts (▴, dashed line) and rest days (○, dotted line). (d) Mean daily ratings for early (black bars), late (grey bars) and rest days (white bars). a,b,cSignificantly higher than earlya, lateb or restc days (p < 0.05). Error bars denote standard error of the mean.
