Table 2.
Characteristics of early and late work shifts and rest days, mean ± standard deviation or percentage (%) of participants. a,b,cSignificantly higher value than earlya, lateb or restc days (p < 0.05).
| Early | Late | Rest | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Waking hours and sleep quality | |||
| Time of waking (h) | 0426 ± 0023 | 0840 ± 0123a | 0752 ± 0100a |
| Bed-time (h) | 2131 ± 0043 | 0052 ± 0117a,c | 2316 ± 0042 |
| Waking hours (h) | 17.0 ± 0.8b,c | 16.1 ± 1.1 | 15.4 ± 1.0 |
| Sleep duration (h) | 7.0 ± 0.7 | 7.8 ± 1.4a | 8.2 ± 1.0a |
| Poor sleep quality | 2.1 ± 0.6 | 1.9 ± 0.6 | 1.7 ± 0.6 |
| Work demands | |||
| Duty hours (h) | 8.0 ± 1.5 | 8.9 ± 1.6 | – |
| Flying hours (h) | 5.4 ± 1.2 | 5.7 ± 1.4 | – |
| Sectors (landings) | 2.7 ± 0.7 | 2.9 ± 0.9 | – |
| Behaviours on day of shift | |||
| Consumed alcohol, % | 29.6 | 20.3 | 51.9a,b |
| Exercised for >10 min, % | 20.4 | 16.7 | 27.8 |