Table 3.
Comparison of Clinical Characteristics Among Between Survivors and Non-Survivors
| Variable | Survivors (N=1,641) |
Non-Survivors (N=1,235) |
P-value* |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | |||
| Age, years(SD) | 66(±11) | 71(±10) | <0.01 |
| Male gender, n(%) | 1,006(61.3%) | 618(50.0%) | <0.01 |
| Caucasian race, n(%) | 1,430(87.1%) | 1,074(87.0%) | 0.5 |
| Body mass index >28, n(%) | 722(44.0%) | 502(40.7%) | 0.07 |
| Co-morbidities | |||
| Hypertension, n(%) | 1,109(67.6%) | 778(63.0%) | 0.02 |
| Insulin dependent diabetes, n(%) | 151(9.2%) | 101(8.2%) | 0.8 |
| Smoking history, n(%) | 448(27.3%) | 274(22.2%) | <0.01 |
| Chronic lung disease, n(%) | 319(19.4%) | 180(14.6%) | <0.01 |
| Serum creatinine, mg/ml(SD) | 1.4(±0.9) | 1.6(±0.9) | <0.01 |
| Dialysis, n(%) | 40(2.4%) | 37(3.0%) | 0.3 |
| Cerebrovascular accident, n(%) | 154(9.4%) | 115(9.3%) | 0.9 |
| Previous CABG, n(%) | 137(8.4%) | 78(6.4%) | 0.04 |
| Prior percutaneous intervention, n(%) | 542(33.0%) | 408(33.0%) | 0.9 |
| Pre-operative B-blocker, n(%) | 913(55.6%) | 540(43.7%) | <0.01 |
| Pre-operative lipid-lowering agent, n(%) | 461(28.1%) | 228(18.5%) | <0.01 |
| Acuity | |||
| Preoperative IABP, n(%) | 876(53.4%) | 993(80.4%) | <0.01 |
| Cardiogenic shock, n(%) | 609(37.1%) | 878(71.1%) | <0.01 |
| NYHA class IV, n(%) | 617(61.5%) | 554(79.1%) | <0.01 |
| Triple vessel CAD, n(%) | 968(60.0%) | 804(65.1%) | <0.01 |
| Ejection fraction, %(SD) | 43.7(±13.8) | 41.9(±14.5) | <0.01 |
| Operative Characteristics | |||
| Elective status, n(%) | 369(22.5%) | 56(4.5%) | <0.01 |
| Urgent status, n(%) | 693(42.2%) | 314(25.4%) | <0.01 |
| Emergent status, n(%) | 535(32.6%) | 680(55.1%) | <0.01 |
| Salvage status, n(%) | 42(2.6%) | 173(14.0%) | <0.01 |
| Median CPB time, minutes(IQR) | 150(116–194) | 182(139–237) | <0.01 |
| Median aortic cross clamp time, minutes(IQR) | 103(75–140) | 117(86–158) | <0.01 |
| Intraoperative IABP, n(%) | 125(7.6%) | 105(8.5%) | <0.01 |
*
Pearson chi-square tests for categorical variables and Kruskal-Wallis nonparametric test for continuous variables.