Table 2.

Predisposing factors: individual knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs that hinder offering an HIV testing

Factor	Explanation	Quotes
1. Self-efficacy	HIV testing in the ED is not aligned with the vision of an ED provider	• “This is not within our scope of practice (attending physician)”
		• “There are too many other fires to put out to take up this preventive health cause… and none of us signed up for careers in preventative medicine (attending physician)”
2. Behavioral intention	Offering the test in a manner that patients will decline to be tested	• “I think a lot of us actually ask at the end of the visit because there is a lot of opposition to this law, like quite a bit from the attendings and the residents (resident)”
		• “And they (residents) want them to decline it because they'll say it at the end of discharge, and the patient is like, “No, no, I'm good, I'm good, just get me out of here (nurses)”
3. Testing process	Responsibilities for each step of the HIV testing process	• “The other day I wanted to test a patient for HIV and they [nurses] wouldn't draw it themselves and they told me I had to do it (resident)”
4. Provider knowledge of the legislation	Providers knowledge of the existence and details of the legislation	• “I didn't even realize we had that law (residents)”
5. Provider knowledge about the type of HIV test	Knowledge about the types of available test and their specificity and sensitivity	• “How many of the positive tests are false-positive? (nurse)”
		• “Do a lot of emergency rooms use cheek swabs across the country? (resident)”
6. Provider knowledge about follow-up procedures	Knowledge in what to tell a patient who tests positive	• “I know enough from the discussions in here to be able to say to them that that's not necessarily a true positive. But I don't really know what else to tell them. And I don't know where to tell them to go, if they don't have insurance (attending physician)”