Official websites use .gov
A
.gov website belongs to an official
government organization in the United States.
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock (
) or https:// means you've safely
connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive
information only on official, secure websites.
Potential factors contributing to the inefficient acquisition of protective Abs.
| Factor | References |
|---|---|
| Clonal Ag variation | (15) |
| Ag genetic diversity | (14) |
| GC disruption | (92) |
| Lack of Ab avidity maturation | (93) |
| Marginal zone B cell induction | (94) |
| B cell ‘exhaustion’ | (71) |
| Increased immature transitional B cells | (95) |
| CD4+ T cell exhaustion | (76) |
| Polyclonal B cell activation | (77, 96) |
| BAFF/BAFF-R dysregulation | (81) |
| TLR tolerance | (90) |
| Self-reactive antibodies/anergy | (97) |
| Clonal imprinting/OAS | (46) |
