Table 4.
Traditional cardiovascular risk factors, selected inflammatory markers, and ultrasonographic evaluation of cardiovascular system in clinically active and inactive juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) patients.
| JIA patients clinically active (n = 30) |
JIA patients clinically inactive (n = 28) |
Control group (n = 36) |
P value* | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Traditional risk factors | ||||
|
| ||||
| Age, years | 12.5 (9.5–15.0) | 14.0 (11.0–16.0) | 13.4 (12.0–15.0) | 0.24 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 20.2 (18.3–22.2) | 20 (16.6–21.7) | 19.4 (17.3–20.6) | 0.19 |
| BMI-SDS | 1.1 (0.1–1.7)† | 0.1 (−0.1–0.5) | 0.1 (−0.5–0.5) | 0.01 |
| SBP, mmHg | 116 (99–127) | 121 (103–126)† | 112 (103–117) | 0.03 |
| DBP, mmHg | 68 (55–71) | 65 (57–69) | 64 (57–69) | 0.20 |
| Total cholesterol, mmol/L | 4.2 (3.7–4.7) | 3.9 (3.5–4.4) | 4 (3.5–4.4) | 0.48 |
| LDL-cholesterol, mmol/L | 2.2 (1.8–2.5) | 2.0 (1.8–2.5) | 2.0 (1.8–2.4) | 0.71 |
| HDL-cholesterol, mmol/L | 1.4 (1.0–1.5) | 1.3 (1.2–1.6) | 1.4 (1.1–1.6) | 0.51 |
| Triglycerides, mmol/L | 0.7 (0.6–1.2) | 0.8 (0.5–0.9) | 0.7 (0.6–0.9) | 0.52 |
| Glucose, mmol/L | 4.8 (4.6–5.0) | 5.0 (4.8–5.1) | 4.8 (4.6–5.0) | 0.21 |
| Insulin, mU/mL | 7.1 (4.8–13.3) | 7.9 (3.8–10.5) | 6.6 (4.0–8.8) | 0.30 |
| HOMA index | 1.5 (1.0–2.7) | 1.7 (0.8–2.4) | 1.4 (0.8–1.9) | 0.28 |
|
| ||||
| Inflammatory markers | ||||
|
| ||||
| hsCRP, mg/L | 1.2 (0.3–4.9)† | 0.8 (0.1–2.7)† | 0.04 (0.01–0.2) | <0.001 |
| Il-6, pg/mL | 3.6 (1.1–7.4)† | 1.4 (0.4–6.4)† | 0.2 (0.2–0.8) | <0.001 |
| TNFα, pg/mL | 2.5 (0.8–17.9)† | 3 (1.3–32)† | 0.7 (0.7–0.72) | <0.001 |
| Adiponectin, μg/mL | 10.9 (8.0–13.9) | 11.0 (8.0–14.0) | 12.5 (8.0–16.0) | =0.640 |
|
| ||||
| Ultrasonographic studies | ||||
|
| ||||
| Brachial artery, mm | 3.7 (3.3–3.9) | 3.8 (3.4–4.5) | 3.6 (3.2–4.2) | =0.230 |
| FMD, % | 7.8 (6.2–9.6)† | 8.1 (2.7–8.9)† | 11.1 (9.2–12.6) | <0.001 |
| IMT, mm | 0.49 (0.43–0.51)† | 0.53 (0.44–0.56)† | 0.42 (0.39–0.45) | <0.001 |
| LVMi, g/m2.7 | 27.6 (25.1–29.9)† | 27.6 (18.8–29.1) | 22.9 (19.2–28.3) | =0.040 |
Values are presented as median (interquartile range), SBP: systolic blood pressure, DBP: diastolic blood pressure, HOMA index: index of insulin resistance, FMD: flow mediated dilatation of the right brachial artery, IMT: intima-media thickness of the common carotid arteries, and LVMi: indexed left ventricle mass.
*ANOVA Kruskal-Wallis test.
† P < 0.05 in comparison to the control group in post-hoc test.
‡ P < 0.05 clinically active versus inactive groups in post-hoc test.