Table 3. Demographic and biomarker measures of ADNI participants with CSF data.
| CSF subsample | FH− | FH+ | p value | FHp | FHm | Post hoc p value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
||||||||
| (n = 209) | n = (194) | FH− versus FH+ | (n = 42) | (n = 130) | FH− versus FHp | FH− versus FHm | FHp versus FHm | |
| Age, y | 75.9 (7.3) | 73.9 (6.7) | 0.005 | 74.1 (7.2) | 73.9 (6.5) | 0.013 | ||
| % Female | 37.3 | 42.8 | 0.115 | 45.2 | 42.3 | |||
| Education, y | 15.5 (3.2) | 15.8 (2.8) | 0.272 | 15.2 (2.6) | 16.1 (2.8) | |||
| APOE ε4 carrier, % | 46.4 | 53.1 | 0.107 | 45.2 | 56.2 | |||
| MMSE | 26.7 (2.6) | 26.6 (2.6) | 0.777 | 27.1 (2.5) | 26.5 (2.6) | |||
| ADAS-Cog | 11.8 (6.5) | 12.2 (6.4) | 0.441 | 11.3 (5.8) | 12.4 (6.7) | |||
| Diagnostic breakdown, % (n) | ||||||||
| ND | 29% (61) | 26% (51) | 0.779 | 33% (14) | 26% (34) | |||
| MCI | 46% (96) | 48% (95) | 50% (21) | 48% (62) | ||||
| AD | 25% (52) | 26% (48) | 17% (7) | 26% (34) | ||||
| Total tau, pg/mL | 94.5 (51) | 102.1 (59) | 0.168 | 86.5 (39) | 104.3 (64) | |||
| Aβ, pg/mL | 177.7 (58) | 162.0 (54) | 0.009 | 177.8 (58) | 159.9 (54) | 0.007 | 0.060 | |
| Aβ positivity (<192pg/mL), % | 62.2 | 74.7 | 0.005 | 64.3 | 76.2 | 0.004 | ||
| Tau/Aβ ratio | 0.63 (0.46) | 0.74 (0.58) | 0.05 | 0.57 (0.36) | 0.77 (0.65) | 0.027 | 0.070 | |
| Elevated tau/Aβ ratio (>0.39), % | 60.3 | 69.1 | 0.041 | 57.1 | 70.8 | 0.032 | 0.075 | |
All values are means (SD). p values <0.05 (in bold) represent a significant difference present between FH− and FH+ groups while controlling for age, gender, diagnostic classification, and education. When FH− versus FH+ group differences were present, we identified specific group differences using post hoc contrasts described in the column post hoc results. Standard cut-points were used to classify individuals as “positive” CSF Aβ (≤192pg/mL) and as having an elevated tau/Aβ ratio (>0.39). Percentages in the diagnostic breakdown reflect percentage of total for column, representing each FH group. Aβ, amyloid-β; AD, Alzheimer's disease; ADAS-Cog, Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-cognitive subscale; CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; FH−, negative family history of dementia; FH+, positive family history of dementia; FHp, paternal only family history of dementia; FHm, maternal only family history of dementia; MCI, mild cognitive impairment; MMSE, Mini-Mental State Examination; ND, no dementia.