Table 4. CSF Biomarker data between FH groups, within diagnosis groups.
| CSF Subsample | FH+ | FH+ | p value | FHp | FHm | Post hoc p value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
||||||||
| FH− versus FH+ | FH− versus FHp | FH− versus Fhm | FHp versus FHm | |||||
| ND | n = 61 | n =51 | n =14 | n = 34 | ||||
| Total tau, pg/mL | 68.5 (30) | 71.8 (31) | 0.474 | 71.5 (30) | 67.1 (25) | |||
| Aβ, pg/mL | 211 (53) | 199 (56) | 0.204 | 209 (56) | 201 (56) | |||
| Aβ positivity (<192pg/mL), % | 32.8 | 43.1 | 0.230 | 28.6 | 44.1 | |||
| Tau/Aβ ratio | 0.37 (0.26) | 0.41 (0.27) | 0.319 | 0.39 (0.26) | 0.37 (0.19) | |||
| Elevated tau/Aβ ratio (>0.39), % | 31.1 | 39.2 | 0.245 | 28.6 | 38.2 | |||
| MCI | n = 96 | n =95 | n =21 | n = 62 | ||||
| Total tau, pg/mL | 95.4 (47) | 109.6 (67) | 0.101 | 88 (41) | 116 (74) | 0.039 | ||
| Aβ, pg/mL | 172 (57) | 155 (51) | 0.037 | 173 (54) | 148 (50) | 0.013 | 0.042 | |
| Aβ positivity (<192pg/mL), % | 67.7 | 81.1 | 0.038 | 76.2 | 83.9 | 0.021 | 0.006 | |
| Tau/Aβ ratio | 0.65 (0.47) | 0.82 (0.66) | 0.058 | 0.57 (0.32) | 0.91 (0.76) | 0.015 | 0.041 | |
| Elevated tau/Aβ ratio (>0.39), % | 64.6 | 74.7 | 0.155 | 61.9 | 79.0 | |||
| AD | n = 52 | n =48 | n =7 | n =34 | ||||
| Total tau, pg/mL | 123 (62) | 120 (52) | 0.732 | 112 (43) | 120 (56) | |||
| Aβ, pg/mL | 149 (47) | 137 (32) | 0.296 | 129 (37) | 139 (33) | |||
| Aβ positivity (<192pg/mL), % | 86.5 | 95.8 | 0.221 | 100.0 | 94.1 | |||
| Tau/Aβ ratio | 0.89 (0.45) | 0.94 (0.52) | 0.755 | 0.92 (0.41) | 0.94 (0.56) | |||
| Elevated tau/Aβ ratio (>0.39), % | 86.5 | 89.6 | 0.438 | 100.0 | 88.2 | |||
All values are means (SD) controlling for age, gender, and education. p values <0.05 (in bold) represent a significant difference present between groups. When FH− versus FH+ group differences were present, we identified specific group differences using post hoc contrasts described in the column post hoc results. Standard cut-points were used to classify individuals as “positive” CSF Aβ (≤ 192 pg/mL) and as having an elevated tau/Aβ ratio (>0.39). Aβ, amyloid-β; AD, Alzheimer's disease; ADAS-Cog, Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-cognitive subscale; CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; FH−, negative family history of dementia; FH+, positive family history of dementia; FHp, paternal only family history of dementia; FHm, maternal only family history of dementia; MCI, mild cognitive impairment; MMSE, Mini-Mental State Examination; ND, no dementia.