Table 4. Summary of cleansing and insertion data reported in the diaries over 42 days by act.
| Tanzanian Diaries(N = 82) | Ugandan Diaries(N = 99) | Comparison(p-value)a | |
| CLEANSING (Diary rows C1 to C4) | |||
| Frequency | |||
| Total number of cleansing acts in the study | 11,649 | 16,145 | |
| Overall substance by total number of acts | p = <0.01 | ||
| Water only | 7,272 (62.4%) | 8,441 (52.3%) | |
| Commercialb and water | 4,325 (37.1%) | 6,980 (43.2%) | |
| Traditionalc and water | 18 (0.2%) | 423 (2.6%) | |
| Commercial only | 3 (0.0%) | 146 (0.9%) | |
| Traditional only | 0 (0.0%) | 16 (0.1%) | |
| Commercial, traditional and water | 3 (0.0%) | 40 (0.3%) | |
| Commercial and traditional | 0 (0.0%) | 2 (0.0%) | |
| Missingd | 28 (0.2%) | 97 (0.6%) | |
| Application | |||
| Overall method by total number of acts | <0.01 | ||
| Fingers only | 10,218 (87.7%) | 13,415 (83.8%) | |
| Cloth only | 471 (4.0%) | 412 (2.6%) | |
| Other onlye | 2 (0.0%) | 48 (0.3%) | |
| Cloth and finger | 902 (7.7%) | 1,919 (12.0%) | |
| Other and finger | 33 (0.3%) | 202 (1.3%) | |
| Cloth, other and finger | 7 (0.1%) | 6 (0.0%) | |
| Cloth, other | 16 (0.2%) | 16 (0.1%) | |
| Missingd | 0 (0%) | 128 (0.8%) | |
| Cleansing related to sexual intercourse & condom use | |||
| Total sex-related cleansing acts, as proportion of all cleansing | 1743 (15.0%) | 6665 (41.3%) | |
| Of the total sex-related cleansing acts, how many were before sex | 782 (44.9%) | 3506 (52.6%) | |
| Of the total cleansing acts before sex, how many used a condom | 370 (47.3%) | 2,841 (81.0%) | <0.01 |
| Of the total sex-related cleansing acts, how many were after sex | 961 (55.1%) | 3159 (47.4%) | |
| Of the total cleansing acts after sex, how many used a condom | 208 (21.6%) | 710 (22.5%) | 0.59 |
| Total number of sex acts during the study | 1254 | 6749 | |
| Total number of sex acts on days when cleansed ≤4 times | 864 | 2137 | |
| Of the total sex acts, how many were associated with before sex cleansing | 527 (70.0%) | 1033 (48.3%) | |
| Of the total sex acts, how many were associated with after sex cleansing | 646 (74.8%) | 1077 (50.4%) | |
| ▪INSERTION (Diary rows I1 to I2) | |||
| ▪Frequency | |||
| Total number of insertion acts in the study | 155 | 1,444 | |
| Overall substance by total number of acts | <0.01 | ||
| Commercial product onlyf | 3 (1.9%) | 756 (52.4%) | |
| Traditional product onlyg | 148 (95.5%) | 680 (47.1%) | |
| Commercial and traditional product together | 4 (2.6%) | 8 (1.0%) | |
| Application | |||
| Overall method by total number of acts | <0.01 | ||
| Finger only | 144 (87.8%) | 1,071 (74.7%) | |
| Cloth only | 0 (0.0%) | 66 (4.6%) | |
| Other onlyh | 0 (0.0%) | 99 (6.9%) | |
| Cloth and finger | 6 (3.9%) | 156 (10.9%) | |
| Other and finger | 1 (0.7%) | 40 (2.8%) | |
| Cloth and other | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (0.1%) | |
| Cloth, finger and other | 4 (2.6%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
| Missingd | 0 (0%) | 11 (0.8%) | |
| Insertion related to sexual intercourse & condom use | |||
| Total sex-related insertion acts, as proportion of all insertion | 7 (4.5%) | 978 (67.7%) | <0.01 |
| Of the total sex-related insertion acts, how many were before sex | 6 (85.7%) | 590 (60.3%) | <0.01 |
| Of the total insertion acts before sex, how many used a condom | 3 (50.0%) | 461 (78.1%) | 0.03 |
| Of the total sex-related insertion acts, how many were after sex | 1 (14.3%) | 388 (39.7%) | <0.01 |
| Of the total insertion acts after sex, how many used a condom | 0 (0%) | 80 (20.6%) | 0.61 |
Legend: a = Wilcoxon rank-sum for non-parametric data;; b = Commercial products for cleansing: In In-depth Interviews (IDI), participants reported the use of soap in Tanzania, and soap, soda (e.g. Coca-Cola), salt, and laundry detergent in Uganda; c = Traditional products for cleansing: In the IDI, Tanzanian participants did not report the use of traditional products, but in Uganda the use of herbs was reported; d = data was missing for substance or applicator, but cleansing or insertion was ticked; e = Other applicator used for cleansing: In IDI, participants reported the use of toilet paper in both Tanzania and Uganda; f = Commercial products for insertion: In In-depth Interviews (IDI), no participants reported the use of a commercial product in Tanzania, and in Uganda, participants reported the use of soda (e.g. Coca-Cola), medication for vaginal infections, laundry detergent, petroleum-based jelly, and beer; g = Traditional products for insertion: In IDI, participants reported the use of herbs, ghee, snuff and lemon in Tanzania, and herbs and honey in Uganda; h = Other applicator used for insertion: In IDI, participants reported the use of toilet paper in Tanzania, applicator (e.g. to insert medication), and toilet paper in Uganda.