Table 1.
Analytical characteristics for electrochemical detection of dopamine by use of different tyrosinase biosensors
| Layer description (immobilization matrix) | Interferents | Linearity (mol L−1) | Sensitivity (mA mol−1 L) | Detection limit (mol L−1) | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| C paste, b.entrp | AA, DOPA, DOPAC | 1.5 × 10−5–2.5 × 10−4 | 6.3 | 1.5 × 10 −5 | [72] |
| Polyacrylamide gel, b.entrp | Without AA | 5 × 10−6–1 × 10−4 | 5 × 10−6 | [73] | |
| AA | 3 × 10−8–1 × 10−6 | 3 × 10−8 | |||
| Polypyrrole modified, b.entrp | AA | 5 × 10−8–8 × 10−5 | 59 | 5 × 10−8 | [74] |
| Poly(vinyl alcohol) ferrocene-Pd-sol-gel, b.entrp | 0.125 | 5 × 10−5 | [75] | ||
| Polythiophene, b.entrp | Up to 2 × 10−4 | 133 | 1 × 10−7 | [76] | |
| Biocomposite gel (agar, guar gum), b.entrp | 2 × 10−6–1 × 10−5 | 9 × 10−7 | [77] | ||
| Amine-terminated BDD, surf., cov. bond. | AA | 5 × 10−6– 1.2 × 10−4 | 68.6 | [50] | |
| MWNT/Nafion, b. surf. entrp | 5 × 10−6–2.3 × 10−5 | 12 | 5.2 × 10−7 | [51] | |
| Eggshell membrane, GA, surf., phys. ads | 5 × 10−7–2.5 × 10−4 | 2.5 × 10−6 | [52] | ||
| Chit/GC | AA | 9.7 | 1.9 × 10−6 | [53] | |
| TiO2/CeO2/Chit/GC, b. surf. entrp | 14.9 | 2.4 × 10−8 | |||
| SWNT/Ppy, surf cov. bond | AA | 5 × 10−6–5 × 10−5 | 467 | 5 × 10−6 | [54] |
| Fe3O4/Chit, b. surf. entrp | AA | 2 × 10−8–7.5 × 10−5 | 46 | 6 × 10−9 | [78] |
| TiO2/CeO2/Chit/CF | AA ,UA, DOPA, DOPAC, SE, EP, NorEP | 1 × 10−8–2.2 × 10−4 | 14.2 | 1.1 × 10−9 | [55] |
| Chit/CF | 5 × 10−8–1.2 × 10−4 | 7.3 | 1.4 × 10−7 | ||
| TiO2/CeO2/sol-gel/CF | 1 × 10−7–1.8 × 10−4 | 33.4 | 4 × 10−8 | ||
| sol-gel/CF | 2 × 10−7–2.6 × 10−4 | 6.4 | 8 × 10−8 | ||
| PIn5COOH surf. cov. bond | AA <1 × 10−4 mol L−1 | 5 × 10−7–2 × 10−5 | 2,200 | 1 × 10−7 | [49] |
| UA <1 × 10−4 mol L−1 | 6,200 | ||||
| AA/UA 12.5 | 1,290 |
b.entrp., entrapment of tyrosinase in matrix; surf. entrp., entrapment of tyrosinase on matrix surface; surf., cov. bond, entrapment of tyrosinase on surface, covalent bonding; surf., phys. ads, entrapment of tyrosinase on surface, physical adsorption; Chit, chitosan; CF, carbon fiber; PIn5COOH, poly(indolo-5-carboxylic acid); SWNT, single walled carbon nanotube; MWNT, multi walled carbon nanotube; BDD, boron-doped diamond; GC, glassy carbon; GA, glutaraldehyde; AA, ascorbic acid; UA, uric acid; DOPA, 3,4-dihydroxy-l-phenylalanine; DOPAC, dihydroxyphenylacetic acid; SE, serotonin; EP, epinephrine; NorEP, norepinephrine