Table 3.
Provider Sample Descriptors and Bivariate Associations With High Provider Comfort Discussing Substance Use
| n (%) | Provider Comfort | P Value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Less Than High Comfort Discussing Substance Use With Patients n (% or SD) |
High Comfort Discussing Substance Use With Patients n (% or SD) |
|||
| Overall | 44 (100) | 12 (27) | 32 (73) | — |
| Provider characteristics | ||||
| Female | 25 (57) | 7 (58) | 18 (56) | 0.901 |
| Non-white White |
14 (31) 30 (68) |
5 (42) 7 (58) |
9 (28) 23 (72) |
0.390 |
| Mean age of provider (range 30–64) | 44 (8.6) | 40 (6.6) | 46 (8.7) | 0.032 |
| Physician RN, NP, or PA |
34 (77) 10 (23) |
12 (100) 0 (0) |
22 (69) 10 (31) |
0.041** |
| >20 hours/week caring for HIV patients | 18 (41) | 3 (25) | 15 (47) | 0.303** |
| High stress | 12 (27) | 5 (42) | 7 (22) | 0.189 |
| High physician busyness | 21 (49) | 4 (33) | 17 (55) | 0.310** |
| History of communication training | 28 (64) | 7 (58) | 21 (66) | 0.654 |
| High confidence in prevention conversation | 9 (20) | 1 (8) | 8 (25) | 0.405** |
| Practice characteristics (Proportions of patients) | Mean (SD) | |||
| Female patients | 0.363 (0.19) | 0.36 (0.2) | 0.37 (0.2) | 0.900 |
| Non-white patients | 0.769 (0.20) | 0.74 (0.19) | 0.78 (0.21) | 0.546 |
| Age ≥ 45 years | 0.55 (0.22) | 0.56 (0.19) | 0.55 (0.23) | 0.925 |
| High school degree | 0.72 (0.17) | 0.62 (0.17) | 0.75 (0.15) | 0.015 |
| Currently full- or part-time employed | 0.25 (0.16) | 0.20 (0.18) | 0.27 (0.15) | 0.228 |
| Highest depression tertile | 0.31 (0.14) | 0.32 (0.16) | 0.30 (0.14) | 0.707 |
| On anti-retrovirals | 0.77 (0.18) | 0.85 (0.17) | 0.74 (0.17) | 0.059 |
| CD4 count <200 | 0.20 (0.12) | 0.24 (0.12) | 0.19 (0.12) | 0.188 |
| Current problematic alcohol use | 0.09 (0.13) | 0.12 (0.11) | 0.08 (0.13) | 0.386 |
| Current drug use | 0.26 (0.17) | 0.27 (0.16) | 0.26 (0.18) | 0.864 |
| High communication self-efficacy | 0.61 (0.19) | 0.58 (0.16) | 0.62 (0.20) | 0.583 |
| Highest tertile of patient activation | 0.31 (0.16) | 0.25 (0.18) | 0.33 (0.15) | 0.184 |
| Patients reporting knowing provider ≥ 5 years | 0.33 (0.27) | 0.23 (0.22) | 0.37 (0.27) | 0.129 |
| Patients with a visit length >22 minutes (the median length) | 0.49 (.32) | 0.55 (0.36) | 0.47 (0.31) | 0.489 |
| High patient comfort | 0.78 (0.17) | 0.77 (0.12) | 0.77 (0.19) | 0.857 |
P values for categorical variables calculated using chi-squared test (except (**) as Fischer’s Exact Test for low expected cell value was used) and a two-sided t test was utilized for continuous variables.