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. 2012 Jul 1;1(3):168–172. doi: 10.4161/adip.20574

Table 1. Summary of factors regulating leptin gene expression in adipocytes.

Physiological conditions References Direction of effect
Fasting
 11, 26, 35
 ↓
Feeding
 11, 26, 35
 ↑
Obesity
 37
 ↑
Adipocyte volume 34 ↑
Pharmacological agents References Direction of effect
Insulin
 26, 38, 39
 ↑
Glucose
 40
 ↑
Glucocorticoids
 38, 39
 ↑
Hexosamines
 41–43
 ↑
Cytokines (TNF, IL-1 and LIF) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)
 44, 45
 ↓
β3-adrenergic agonist (CL316,243)
 35
 ↓
Leptin
 46
 ↓
Thiazolidinediones (TZD) 10 ↑
Transcription factors References Direction of effect
C/EBPα
 17–19
 ↑
ADD1/SREBP1
 20
 ↑
AP-2β
 22
 ↓
FOSL2 27 ↑