Table 3. List of plants phytoconstituents having insulin secretagogues or insulin mimetic activity.

S. No.	Plant botanical name	Family	Active constituents	References
1	Aloe vera	Liliaceae	Pseudoprototinosaponin AIII and prototinosaponins AIII	[11]
2	Anemarrhena asphodeloides	Liliaceae	Mangiferin and mangiferin-7-O-β-dglucoside	[8]
3	Bauhinia variegata	Caesalpiniaceae	Roseoside	[20]
4	Camellia sinensis	Theaceae	Epigallocatechin gallate	[13]
5	Citrullus colocynthis	Cucurbitaceae	Beta-pyrazol-1-ylalanine	[11]
6	Ephedra distachya	Ephedraceae	L-ephedrine	[15]
7	Eriobotrya japonica	Rosaceae	Cinchonain ib	[33]
8	Eugenia jambolana	Myrtaceae	Pandanus odorus (Toei-hom) a 4- hydroxybenzoic acid	[12]
9	Ficus bengalensis	Moraceae	Leucocyandin 3-O-beta-d-galactosyl cellobioside, leucopelargonidin-3- O-alpha-L rhamnoside	[11],[13]
10	Glycyrrhizae radix	Fabaceae	Glycyrrhetinic acid, dihydroxy gymnemic triacetate	[36]
11	Momordica charantia	Cucurbitaceae	Momordicin, charantin, and galactose-binding lectin	[6]
12	Panax ginseng	Araliaceae	Polypeptides	[11]
13	Prunella vulgaris	Labiatae	Jiangtangsu	[15]
14	Psidium guajava	Myrtaceae	Strictinin, isostrictinin and pedunculagin	[15]
15	Pterocarpus marsupium	Fabaceae	Epicatechin	[6],[16]
16	Semen coicis	Gramineae	Coixans	[15]
17	Stevia rebaudiana	Asteraceae	Stevioside, steviol	[41],[42]
18	Swertia chirayita	Gentianaceae	Swerchirin	[10],[11]
19	Teucrium polium	Lamiaceae	Apigenin	[45]
20	Trigonella foenum-graecum	Leguminosae	4-hydroxyleucine and hydroxyisoleucine	[10],[16],[48],[49]
21	Zizyphus spina-christi	Rhamnaceae	Christinin-A	[50]