Table 6. Cytokine Profiles for Trauma Patients With and Without Severe Head Injuries Stratified by Incidence of Ventilator Associated Pneumonia.

Cytokine	Severe head injury (n=335)			No severe head injury (n=687)
	VAP (n=687) (n=99)	No VAP (n=236)	p Value	VAP (n=178)	No VAP (n=509)	p Value
IL-1	2.7 [1.8]	2.7 [5.9]	0.06	2.7 [3.5]	2.7 [2.4]	0.73
IL-2	3.1 [11.9]	4.4 [11.6]	0.30	3.3 [15.2]	2.7 [8.9]	0.33
IL-4	90.5 [311.8]	29.6 [141.5]	0.16	39.2 [202.9]	34.5 [226.6]	0.78
IL-5	2.7 [2.6]	2.7 [4.0]	0.35	2.7 [2.6]	2.7 [1.5]	0.99
IL-6	149.0 [263.5]	111.8 [222.9]	0.11	199.4 [429.5]	166.4 [340.1]	0.22
IL-8	33.6 [55.5]	20.4 [43.2]	0.01	39.1 [59.0]	33.8 [53.2]	0.14
IL-10	60.5 [121.7]	40.0 [85.4]	0.02	60.3 [117.1]	52.9 [108.7]	0.15
IL-12	3.9 [10.6]	2.7 [8.7]	0.28	2.7 [5.0]	2.7 [5.4]	0.61
IFN	2.7 [6.5]	5.4 [14.2]	0.06	3.8 [8.6]	2.8 [7.1]	0.34
GMCSF	5.3 [9.1]	5.0 [8.2]	0.85	3.4 [6.0]	4.0 [6.6]	0.62
TNF-α	4.8 [6.2]	4.5 [6.2]	0.57	6.4 [9.8]	5.0 [6.9]	0.01

VAP, ventilator associated pneumonia.