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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Mar 27.
Published in final edited form as: Soc Sci Res. 2008 Dec;37(4):1235–1252. doi: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2007.07.004

Table 2.

Life expectancy in happiness by age and sex: U.S. 1970–2000

Expectation of life Men
Women
1970 1980 1990 2000 1970–2000 1970 1980 1990 2000 1970–2000
At age 30 years
Total (TLE) 40.5 42.8 44.0 45.9 5.4 46.9 49.3 50.1 50.5 3.6
Happy (HapLE) 34.8 37.5 39.3 41.6 6.8 40.8 43.0 43.9 44.4 3.6
 Very happy (VHapLE) 13.9 14.7 15.2 15.8 1.9 17.3 17.3 16.7 16.0 −1.3
 Pretty happy (PHapLE) 20.9 22.8 24.2 25.8 4.9 23.5 25.7 27.2 28.4 4.9
Unhappy (UHapLE) 5.7 5.2 4.7 4.3 −1.4 6.1 6.3 6.2 6.1 0.0
% of life expectancy
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Happy 86.0 87.8 89.3 90.7 4.7 86.9 87.2 87.6 87.9 1.0
 Very happy 34.4 34.5 34.4 34.4 0.0 36.9 35.1 33.3 31.6 −5.3
 Pretty happy 51.6 53.3 54.9 56.3 4.7 50.1 52.2 54.3 56.3 6.2
Unhappy 14.0 12.2 10.7 9.3 −4.7 13.1 12.8 12.4 12.1 −1.0
At age 65 years
Total (TLE) 13.0 14.2 15.1 16.2 3.2 16.8 18.4 19.0 19.1 2.3
Happy (HapLE) 11.2 12.4 13.5 14.7 3.5 14.3 15.8 16.3 16.5 2.2
 Very happy (VHapLE) 5.1 5.6 5.9 6.3 1.2 6.1 6.4 6.2 5.9 −0.2
 Pretty happy (PHapLE) 6.0 6.9 7.6 8.4 2.3 8.2 9.4 10.1 10.6 2.4
Unhappy (UHapLE) 1.8 1.8 1.6 1.5 −0.3 2.4 2.6 2.6 2.6 0.1
% of life expectancy
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Happy 85.8 87.6 89.2 90.6 4.8 85.4 85.8 86.2 86.6 1.2
 Very happy 39.4 39.3 39.1 39.0 −0.4 36.4 34.5 32.8 31.1 −5.3
 Pretty happy 46.4 48.3 50.1 51.6 5.2 49.0 51.3 53.4 55.5 6.5
Unhappy 14.2 12.4 10.8 9.4 −4.8 14.6 14.2 13.8 13.4 −1.2
At age 85 years
Total (TLE) 4.7 5.1 5.3 5.6 0.9 5.6 6.4 6.7 6.7 1.0
Happy (HapLE) 4.1 4.6 4.8 5.2 1.0 4.9 5.5 5.8 5.8 1.0
 Very happy (VHapLE) 1.9 2.1 2.1 2.3 0.3 1.9 2.1 2.1 2.0 0.0
 Pretty happy (PHapLE) 2.2 2.5 2.7 2.9 0.7 2.9 3.4 3.7 3.8 0.9
Unhappy (UHapLE) 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 −0.1 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.1
% of life expectancy
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Happy 87.5 89.1 90.5 91.7 4.2 86.2 86.5 86.9 87.2 1.1
 Very happy 40.8 40.6 40.4 40.2 −0.6 34.6 32.8 31.2 29.5 −5.1
 Pretty happy 46.7 48.5 50.1 51.5 4.8 51.6 53.7 55.7 57.7 6.1
Unhappy 12.5 10.9 9.5 8.3 −4.2 13.8 13.5 13.1 12.8 −1.1