Figure 2. Blood glucose and insulin levels after intraperitoneal injection of glucose (A, B) and blood glucose after intraperitoneal injection of sodium pyruvate (C) in 4 month-old male rat offspring exposed to ethanol (EtOH) or water only during early, mid, or late pregnancy.

Control and pair-fed offspring were from dams with free access to chow and dams fed the amount of chow consumed by EtOH dams, respectively. A subgroup of EtOH rats was given TUDCA (T) for 3 weeks before the measurements. Data shown as the mean±SE, n = 6. *P<0.05, **P<0.01 EtOH vs. control; ^#P<0.05, ^##P<0.01 EtOH vs. pair-fed.