Table 3.
A summary of similarities and differences between rbMSCs and hMSCs
| Characteristics | rbMSC | hMSC | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Isolation method | Gradient centrifugation using Ficoll-Paque™ Premium (density: 1.077 g mL−1) | |
| 2 | Plastic adherence | Yes | |
| 3 | Morphology | Fibroblastic spindle-shaped with two processes that extended in opposite directions from the cell body and grow in high-density colonies | |
| 4 | Ultrastructural characteristic | A large eccentric and irregular-shaped nucleus with a prominent nucleolus. Chromatin formed a thin and dense layer inside the perinuclear cisternae | |
| A rich inner cytoplasmic zone | |||
| A small amount of Golgi rough endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria and polyribosome | |||
| The periphery of the plasma membrane displayed many small pseudopodia | |||
| 5 | Cell size (µm) | Length: 202.66 ± 8.4 | Length: 152.04 ± 43.35 |
| Width: 13.09 ± 0.91 | Width: 9.82 ± 0.66 | ||
| 6 | Proliferation rate | Significantly lower than hMSC before 48 h | Significantly higher than rbMSC after 48 h |
| Population doubling: 6.4 ± 1.3 h | Population doubling: 7.6 ± 1.7 h | ||
| 7 | Phenotypic expression | Highly expressed: CD29, CD44, CD73, CD81 and CD90 | Highly expressed: CD29, CD44, CD73, CD81 and CD90 |
| Low expression: CD117, CD45 | Negative expression: CD34, CD45, CD117 and HLA-DR | ||
| Negative expression: CD34 and HLA-DR | |||
| 8 | Differentiation conditions | StemPro® osteogenesis differentiation medium for osteogenic differentiation induction | |
| StemPro® adipogenesis differentiation medium for adipogenic differentiation induction | |||
| Chondrogenic medium was prepared according to protocol outlined by Mackay et al. (1998) | |||
| 9 | Differentiation potential (histological observation) | Osteogenic differentiation: Revealed by Von Kossa staining, which showed intracellular deposition of calcium oxalate crystals | |
| Adipogenic differentiation: Revealed by oil-red-O staining with presence of intracellular lipid droplets | |||
| Chondrogenic differentiation: Revealed by safranin-O staining with presence of apparent glycosaminoglycans or highly sulphated proteoglycans | |||
| 10 | Differentiation potential (gene expression) | Upregulation of osteogenic marker (Runx2) at days 7 and 28, upon osteogenic differentiation induction. Higher Runx2 expression was observed in rbMSCs compared with hMSCs | Upregulation of RUNX2 at day 28, upon osteogenic differentiation induction |
| Upregulation of adipogenic marker (Pparγ) at day 28, upon adipogenic differentiation induction. No significant difference in Pparγ expression between rbMSCs and hMSCs | Upregulation of PPARγ at day 28, upon adipogenic differentiation induction | ||
| Upregulation of chondrogenic marker (Sox9) at days 7 and 28, upon chondrogenic differentiation induction. Higher Sox9 expression was observed in rbMSC compared with hMSCs | Upregulation of SOX9 at days 7 and 28, upon chondrogenic differentiation induction | ||
hMSC, human mesenchymal stem cell; rbMSC, rabbit mesenchymal stem cell.