Table 4.
Differential expression of mammalian milk triglyceride synthesis genes in the ‘lactating’ crop
| Gene symbol | Gene name | 0/ctrl | +2/ctrl | Mice L2/P7 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Triglyceride synthesis |
|
|||
|
Gyk |
Glycerol kinase |
1.49 |
1.92 |
1.26 |
|
Gpd1 |
Glycerol 3-PO4 dehydrogenase (cytosolic) |
−1.50 |
−2.08 |
2.25 |
|
Acsl1 |
Long-chain Acyl-CoA synthetase 1 |
1.80 |
2.94 |
1.51 |
|
Acsl4 |
Long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase 4 |
ns |
−2.42 |
−1.35 |
|
Gpam; GPAT |
Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase |
ns |
2.03 |
−1.22 |
|
Agpat3 |
1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase 3* |
ns |
1.52 |
Na |
|
Agpat9 |
1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase 9* |
ns |
2.38 |
Na |
|
Dgat2 |
Diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 2* |
1.61 |
3.66 |
Na |
|
Fatty acid plasma membrane transporters |
|
|||
|
Slc27a1 |
Fatty acid transporter, member 1 |
−2.21 |
−2.21 |
−1.01 |
|
Slc27a4 |
Fatty acid transporter, member 4 |
ns |
2.01 |
1.99 |
|
Cd36 |
Fatty acid translocase |
2.69 |
5.57 |
1.08 |
|
Fatty acid binding proteins |
|
|||
|
Fabp3 |
Fatty acid binding protein 3, muscle and heart |
−3.17 |
−4.88 |
−1.02 |
|
Fabp5 |
Fatty acid binding protein 5 |
ns |
2.92 |
1.31 |
|
Fatty acid degradation |
|
|||
|
Lpl |
Lipoprotein lipase |
1.66 |
2.08 |
1.24 |
|
Cte1 |
Cytosolic acyl coenzyme A thioester hydrolase |
ns |
1.59 |
−16.66 |
|
Crat |
Carnitine acetyltransferase IA |
ns |
1.35 |
Na |
|
Crat |
Carnitine acetyltransferase IB |
ns |
−2.02 |
na |
|
Cpt2; CPTII |
Carnitine acetyltransferase II |
ns |
1.43 |
−2.56 |
|
Ech1 |
Enoyl coenzyme A hydratase 1, peroxisomal |
ns |
1.69 |
−2.08 |
|
Hadhsc |
L-3-hydroxyacyl-Coenzyme A dehydrogenase |
ns |
1.49 |
−1.20 |
|
LOC231086 |
Betaketothiolase |
ns |
1.23 |
−1.56 |
|
Fatty acid synthesis |
|
|||
|
Acly |
ATP citrate lyase |
1.46 |
1.88 |
2.66 |
|
Mdh1 |
Malate dehydrogenase, cytosolic |
1.19 |
1.23 |
1.07 |
|
Mod1 |
Malic enzyme, cytosolic |
1.41 |
2.17 |
1.54 |
|
ACC |
Acetyl CoA carboxylase |
1.68 |
2.26 |
Na |
|
Fasn |
Fatty acid synthase |
1.60 |
2.46 |
1.65 |
|
Scd1 |
Stearoyl-Coenzyme A desaturase 1 |
ns |
2.00 |
1.55^ |
|
Scd5 |
Stearoyl-Coenzyme A desaturase 5* |
−1.45 |
−1.48 |
Na |
|
Fads1 |
Fatty acid desaturase 1 |
ns |
−2.22 |
2.40 |
|
Elovl4 |
Elongation of very long chain fatty acids 4* |
ns |
−7.28 |
Na |
|
Elovl5 |
Elongation of very long chain fatty acids 5* |
ns |
−2.05 |
Na |
|
Elovl6 |
Elongation of very long chain fatty acids 6* |
1.32 |
1.63 |
Na |
| Thrsp; Lpgp | Spot 14, thyroid hormone-inducible hepatic protein | ns | −4.90 | 1.89 |
Average fold-change of significantly (p < 0.05) differentially expressed triglyceride synthesis genes in the ‘lactating’ pigeon crop at timepoint 0 and +2 as compared to the non-‘lactating’ crop. ns = not significant. Values for lactating mouse mammary gland versus pregnant [19] are given for comparison.
* = pigeon differentially expressed variant, not examined in mouse.
^ = average of 2 values.