Table 1.

Traditional and Brazilian development concepts

Traditional aid characteristics	Brazil’s terminology
Vertical donor-to-beneficiary aid	Horizontal partnership between cooperation peers
Predominantly monetary aid (grants and loans)	Predominantly in-kind technical cooperation
Focus on health programmes	Health cooperation projects ‘on demand’
Specialisation of health functions across countries according to comparative advantages	Industrial-health complex
Capacity building	Structural cooperation in health
Separation between foreign policy and development (health) goals	Health diplomacy