Table 1. Frequency of Exposure to Potentially Traumatic Events.
Percent reporting | |||||||
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Caregiver | Child | Either | Category | ||||
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Potentially traumatic events | n | % | n | % | n | % | |
Maternal death | 433 | 34.4 | - | - | - | - | Parental death |
Paternal death | 939 | 74.6 | - | - | - | - | |
Abandonment by both parents | 104 | 8.3 | - | - | - | - | Abandonment |
Seeing a family member die a violent death or seriously injured | 330 | 27.1 | 161 | 15.8 | 378 | 30.5 | Witnessed family death |
Seeing a family member die from illness | 841 | 68.8 | 627 | 61.0 | 1062 | 85.6 | |
Being hit, kicked, or beaten at home | 723 | 59.1 | 438 | 42.7 | 868 | 70.0 | Physical or sexual abuse |
Being hit, kicked, or beaten by other children | 544 | 44.8 | 330 | 32.3 | 702 | 56.7 | |
Having someone touch private sexual parts when child did not want them to | 22 | 1.8 | 28 | 2.7 | 48 | 3.9 | |
Being raped or sexually molested | 7 | 0.6 | 5 | 0.5 | 11 | 0.9 | |
Seeing a family member hit, kicked, or beaten | 469 | 38.5 | 305 | 29.8 | 631 | 51.0 | Family violence |
Seeing a family member shot at or killed | 30 | 2.4 | 40 | 3.9 | 59 | 4.8 | |
Seeing a family member raped or sexually molested | 16 | 1.3 | 11 | 1.1 | 24 | 1.9 | |
Being forced to move or run from home due to a war, conflict, fighting, riots, etc. | 21 | 1.7 | 22 | 2.1 | 40 | 3.2 | Forced to leave home |
Being forced to leave home because there was no adult at home to stay with | 245 | 19.9 | 147 | 14.3 | 280 | 22.6 | |
Being in a place where war, riot, or conflict was going on | 261 | 21.3 | 194 | 18.9 | 312 | 25.2 | War, riots or killings |
Seeing someone hurt or killed during a war, conflict, fighting or riots | 129 | 10.5 | 113 | 11.0 | 190 | 15.3 | |
Seeing someone in child's town shot at or killed | 43 | 3.5 | 55 | 5.4 | 79 | 6.4 | |
Being in a big earthquake that damaged the building the child was in | 13 | 1.1 | 1 | 0.1 | 14 | 1.1 | Disaster or accidents |
Being in another disaster, such as a fire, storm, flood, hurricane, tsunami etc. | 78 | 6.3 | 49 | 4.8 | 113 | 9.1 | |
Being in a bad accident, like a car accident | 106 | 8.6 | 63 | 6.1 | 146 | 11.8 |
Note. Based on 1,230 caregiver reports and 1,029 child self-reports. Maternal death, paternal death and abandonment identified by caregiver reports.