Table 3.

Effects of Pioglitazone (change from baseline) on outcome measures for males in non-treated and Pioglitazone-treated groups after prenatal and early postnatal exposure to maternal high fat diet

	Non-treated	Pioglitazone treated	P value
Body weight (gm)	4.2 ± 1.0	0.3 ± 2.0	0.3
VAT as determined by CT (% from total area)	10.5 ± 5.0	6.2 ± 3.1	0.4
SAT as determined by CT % from total area)	1.2 ± 1.4	5.2± 1.8	0.2
Liver/spleen radiodensity (HU)	0.01 ± 0.04	0.08 ± 0.04	0.2
Triglyceride (mmol/L)	0.8 ± 0.2	−0.9 ± 0.04*	0.02
Fasting glucose (mg/dL)	−32.4 ± 11.9	−55.8 ± 7.6	0.1
Fasting insulin(ng/mL)	0.58 ± 0.2	−0.6 ± 0.3*	0.03
HOMA-IR	3.7 ± 1.8	−7.3 ± 2.6*	0.03

Data are means ± SEM. VAT – visceral adipose tissue, SAT – subcutaneous adipose tissue, HOMA-IR – homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance.

^*indicate statistically significant difference between the groups (P<0.05.)