Table 1.

IL-1R2 as a therapy

Disease/Condition	Rational	Method	Result	Reference
Arthritis	IL-1-induced inflammation implicated in pathology of RA, increased sIL-1R2 is correlated with less severe RA	Gene therapy using hsIL-1R2 transfected cells injected s.c. in the back of CIA mice	↓clinical prevalence of arthritis and less overall severity ↓in arthritis severity until day 42 delayed arthritis onset ↓MPO and IL-6 mRNA in joints	Bessis et al., 2000
		sIL-1R2 injected i.v. into rabbit RA model	↓knee swelling ↓soft-tissue swelling ↓joint erosions no change in inflammatory cell infiltrate or proteoglycan loss ↓IL-1α and IL-1β concentration in synovial fluid of knees no change of cell counts in synovial fluid ↓plasma PGE2	Dawson et al., 1999
Endometriosis	Reduce chronic inflammation induced by up- regulated IL-1 and loss of sIL-1R2	IL-1R2 cDNA transfected into endometriotic cells with IL-1β stimulation in culture	↓VEGF and MCP1 secretion	Akoum et al., 2007 Khoufache et al., 2012
		Nude mice implanted with endometrial tissue and administered i.p. hsIL1-R2	↓number, volume and dissemination of endometrial implants ↓expression of αv, βv, MMP2, MMP9, VEGF, BcIII ↑TIMP1, TIMP2
Organ Transplantation	Prevent increased IL-1-mediated myocardial reperfusion injury	Gene therapy using IL-1R2-Ig fusion protein to mitigate allograft rejection in rat heart transplantation model	↓macrophages and CD4+ cells infiltrating grafts ↓TNF-α and TGF-β mRNA expression ↑allograft survival	Simeoni et al., 2007
Sickness	IL-1RA i.c.v. abrogates IL-1β-induced sickness behaviors	Block brain IL-1R2 with i.c.v.anti-IL-1R2 antibody (2 ng/mouse) prior to IL-1β administration in mice	↓in food intake potentiated no impact on rectal temperature	Cremona et al., 1998

Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), Human soluble IL-1R2 (hsIL-1R2), subcutaneous (s.c.), collagen-induced arthritis (CIA), intravenous (i.v.), intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.), myeloperoxidase (MPO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), Monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP1), matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP2), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 1 (TIMP1), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 2 (TIMP2), tumor necrosisfactor-α (TNF-α), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)

The first dedicated comprehensive review of IL-1R2 in the biomedical literature.