TABLE 2.
South Africa Wave IV Mean Scores on Developmental and Behavioral Indicators1 of Children with FAS, PFAS, and ARND Compared to Controls & Post Hoc Analyses
| Child Variables | FAS (SD) (n =66) | PFAS (SD) (n = 51) | Children with ARND (SD) (n = 35) | Exposed R-S Controls (SD) (n = 38) | Unexposed R-S Controls (SD) (n= 87) | Test Score | d.f. | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Developmental Traits
| ||||||||
| Verbal IQa | 5.1 (7.6) | 5.7 (10.2) | 5.2 (7.5) | 8.2 (7.9) | 13.4 (18.2) | F = 5.85 | df = 4/272 | 0.000 |
| Non-verbal IQb | 8.9 (7.2) | 14.4 (12.1) | 7.7 (4.5) | 17.8 (10.9) | 22.2 (18.1) | F = 14.23 | df = 4/272 | 0.000 |
| WISC-IV Digit-Span Scaled Score | 4.4 (2.6) | 5.1 (2.8) | 4.7 (2.7) | 6.8 (3.5) | 6.7 (3.3) | F = 8.07 | df = 4/271 | 0.000 |
| Achenbach Teacher Report Form | 50.2 (42.6) | 45.1 (42.2) | 58.3 (33.7) | 35.8 (35.5) | 29.1 (29.1) | F = 5.63 | df = 4/272 | 0.000 |
| Dunnett's C Post-Hoc Analyses | |
|---|---|
| Measure | Groups that differ at the P = .05 level |
| Verbal IQ | • FAS & Unexposed Controls • PFAS & Unexposed Controls • ARND & Unexposed Controls |
| Non-verbal IQ | • FAS & PFAS • FAS & Exposed Controls • FAS & Unexposed Controls • PFAS & ARND • PFAS & Unexposed Controls • ARND & Exposed Controls • ARND & Unexposed Controls |
| WISC-IV Digit-Span Scaled Score | • FAS & Exposed Controls • FAS & Unexposed Controls • PFAS & Unexposed Controls • ARND & Unexposed Controls |
| Achenbach Teacher Report Form | • FAS & Unexposed Controls • ARND & Unexposed Controls |
| Total Dysmorphology Score | • FAS & PFAS • FAS & ARND • FAS & Exposed Controls • FAS & Unexposed Controls • PFAS & ARND • PFAS & Exposed Controls • PFAS & Unexposed Controls • ARND &Exposed Controls • ARND & Unexposed Controls |
1
All scores standardized for age of child at time of testing.
a
Tests of the Reception of Grammar (TROG). A measure of verbal intelligence
b
Raven Colored Progressive Matrices. A measure of non-verbal intelligence.