Table 3. Effect of silybin and its derivatives on HTB9, HCT116, and PC3 cancer cell growth.
Treatments | Total cell no. x105 (% growth inhibition) | |||
HTB9 cells | 24 hrs | 48 h | ||
30 µM | 60 µM | 30 µM | 60 µM | |
DMSO | 2.5±0.1 | 4.7±0.1 | ||
Silybin | 2.0±0.1# (20%) | 1.9±0.1* (24%) | 3.9±0.3$ (17%) | 3.9±0.3$ (17%) |
2,3-dehydrosilybin | 1.4±0.1* (44%) | 1.1±0.0* (56%) | 2.0±0.2* (57%) | 1.2±0.1* (74%) |
7-O-methylsilybin | 1.6±0.1* (36%) | 0.9±0.1* (64%) | 1.3±0.4* (72%) | 0.4±0.1* (91%) |
7-O-galloylsilybin | 1.4±0.2* (44%) | 1.2±0.1* (52%) | 1.9±0.3* (60%) | 1.2±0.3* (74%) |
7,23-disulphatesilybin | 2.2±0.09 (12%) | 2.3±0.1 (8%) | 4.3±0.2 (8.5%) | 3.8±0.3# (19%) |
7-O-palmitoylsilybin | 2.5±0.1 (0%) | 2.5±0.2* (0%) | 3.9±0.1$ (17%) | 4.0±0.3 (15%) |
23-O-palmitoylsilybin | 1.8±0.1* (28%) | 2.3±0.0 (8%) | 4.6±0.3 (2%) | 4.2±0.1 (11%) |
HCT116 cells | 24 hrs | 48 h | ||
30 µM | 60 µM | 30 uM | 60 µM | |
DMSO | 5.3±0.3 | 14.3±0.4 | ||
Silybin | 3.9±0.2 (26%) | 4.3±0.2 (19%) | 11.5±0.5$ (20%) | 10.6±1.2* (26%) |
2,3-dehydrosilybin | 3.0±0.4* (43%) | 2.2±0.3* (58%) | 3.3±0.4* (77%) | 2.1±0.3* (85%) |
7-O-methylsilybin | 3.0±0.1* (43%) | 1.9±0.5* (64%) | 6.4±0.6* (55%) | 1.9±0.4* (87%) |
7-O-galloylsilybin | 3.3±0.1# (38%) | 1.9±0.3* (64%) | 4.2±0.4* (71%) | 2.3±0.1* (84%) |
7,23-disulphatesilybin | 4.9±0.8 (8%) | 4.8±0.3 (9%) | 12.5±1.8 (13%) | 14.5±0.1 (−1%) |
7-O-palmitoylsilybin | 5.1±0.4 (4%) | 4.2±1.0 (21%) | 14.1±0.6 (2%) | 12.2±0.7 (15%) |
23-O-palmitoylsilybin | 3.4±0.6$ (36%) | 4.6±0.7 (13%) | 14.1±1.1 (2%) | 11.2±1.4# (22%) |
PC3 cells | 24 hrs | 48 h | ||
30 µM | 60 µM | 30 uM | 60 µM | |
DMSO | 1.5±0.1 | 3.0±0.1 | ||
Silybin | 1.4±0.1 (7%) | 1.2±0.2 (20%) | 2.7±0.1 (10%) | 1.6±0.1* (47%) |
2,3-dehydrosilybin | 0.7±0.2* (53%) | 0.7±0.1* (53%) | 0.7±0.1* (77%) | 0.5±0.1* (83%) |
7-O-methylsilybin | 0.8±0.1* (47%) | 0.8±0.1* (47%) | 0.9±0.1* (70%) | 0.7±0.2* (77%) |
7-O-galloylsilybin | 1.1±0.1* (27%) | 0.8±0.0* (47%) | 0.8±0.1* (73%) | 0.8±0.2* (73%) |
7,23-disulphatesilybin | 1.1±0.0 (27%) | 1.1±0.1* (27%) | 3.0±0.2 | 2.5±0.0 (17%) |
7-O-palmitoylsilybin | 1.3±0.1 (13%) | 1.1±0.3 (27%) | 2.7±0.5 (10%) | 2.0±0.1* (33%) |
23-O-palmitoylsilybin | 1.3±0.1 (13%) | 1.3±0.1 (13%) | 2.4±0.1# (20%) | 2.2±0.0* (27%) |
p≤0.001;
p≤0.01;
p≤0.05.