Table 2.

Demographics and other characteristics of the study participants. A randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled clinical trial of zinc, vitamin A, and glutamine supplementation in Brazilian shanty-town children from Fortaleza, CE, northeastern Brazil, during June 2000-August 2004, with follow-up between June 2000 and December 2007.

		Placebo (n = 25)	Glutamine (n = 23)	Zinc (n = 18)	Vitamin A (n = 19)	Glutamine+Zinc (n = 20)	Glutamine+Vitamin A (n = 21)	Zinc+Vitamin A (n = 23)	Glutamine+Zinc+Vitamin A (n = 18)	Total (n = 167)
Age at Study Entry (months)		48.8±29.8	53.9±28.2	62.2±26.0	43.3±25.5	55.2±28.3	54.8±29.0	59.5±26.1	56.0±25.5	54.1±27.4
Age at Cognitive Testing (years)		8.43±2.02	8.73±2.18	9.20±2.20	7.55±2.14	8.76±1.87	8.61±1.99	8.98±2.30	8.34±1.86	8.58±2.08
Time between Cognitive Testing and Study Entry (years)		4.42±1.46	4.29±1.31	4.09±1.15	3.99±1.48	4.22±1.34	4.10±1.32	4.09±1.15	3.73±1.33	4.13±1.33
Female n (%)		12 (48)	9 (39)	11(61)	9 (47.4)	9 (45)	9 (43)	16 (70)	13 (72)	88 (53)
Birth weight		2.93±0.63	3.18±0.45	3.13±0.68	3.10±0.52	3.19±0.41	3.13±0.54	3.22±0.37	3.2±0.42	3.13±0.51
Maternal Education (< primary school) n (%)		5 (20)	2 (9)	6 (33)	3 (16)	2 (11)	6 (29)	3 (14)	3 (18)	30 (18)
Family Income>than Minimum Wage n (%)		9 (53)	11 (65)	6 (60)	4 (31)	9 (60)	11(61)	8 (50)	6 (35)	67 (55)
Nutritional Parameters at Study Baseline
Weight-for-Age z score		-1.00±1.10	-0.42±0.84	-0.55±0.82	-0.47±1.04	-0.54±0.92	-0.85±0.81	-0.99±0.98	-0.41±0.80*)	-0.67±0.94
Height-for-Age z score		-1.26±0.97	-0.69±0.89	-0.80±1.01	-0.86±0.79	-0.95±0.90	-1.01±0.91	-1.07±0.95	-0.82±0.69	-0.95±0.90
Weight-for-Height z score		-0.25±1.13	0.10±0.87	-0.07±0.82	0.15±1.01	0.12±0.93	-0.33±1.00	-0.42±0.93	0.25±1.12	-0.07+0.99

^*Combination Zinc+Vitamin A+Glutamine versus Placebo, p = 0.04.