Table 4. Distributions of select lifestyle variables in the age-matching population with gender differences.
| Variable | Age-matching population | Males | Females | ||||||
| Cases | Controls | P * | Cases | Controls | P * | Cases | Controls | P * | |
| n = 294 | n = 294 | n = 188 | n = 161 | n = 106 | n = 133 | ||||
| N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | ||||
| Regularly taking meals | |||||||||
| Often | 224 (76.2) | 259 (88.1) | <0.001 | 144 (76.6) | 140 (81.4) | 0.044 | 80 (75.5) | 119 (89.5) | 0.003 |
| Occasionally | 40 (13.6) | 25 (8.5) | 23 (12.2) | 12 (10.0) | 17 (16.0) | 13 (9.8) | |||
| Seldom | 30 (10.2) | 10 (3.4) | 21 (11.2) | 9 (8.6) | 9 (8.5) | 1 (0.8) | |||
| Preference for salty food | |||||||||
| Salty | 161 (54.8) | 70 (24.0) | <0.001 | 106 (56.4) | 47 (29.4) | <0.001 | 55 (51.9) | 23 (17.4) | <0.001 |
| Average | 104 (35.4) | 132 (45.2) | 64 (34.0) | 64 (40.0) | 40 (37.7) | 68 (51.5) | |||
| Not well salted | 29 (9.9) | 90 (30.8) | 18 (9.6) | 49 (30.6) | 11 (10.4) | 41 (31.1) | |||
| Eating time | |||||||||
| <10 min | 159 (54.1) | 133 (45.2) | 0.100 | 115 (61.2) | 89 (55.3) | 0.352 | 44 (41.5) | 44 (33.1) | 0.317 |
| 10 ∼ 20 min | 122 (41.5) | 145 (49.3) | 66 (35.1) | 68 (42.2) | 56 (52.8) | 77 (57.9) | |||
| >20 min | 13 (4.4) | 16 (5.4) | 7 (3.7) | 4 (2.5) | 6 (5.7) | 12 (9.0) | |||
| Smoking status | |||||||||
| Never | 165 (56.1) | 205 (69.7) | 0.001 | 65 (34.6) | 73 (45.3) | 0.040 | 100 (94.3) | 132 (99.2) | 0.025 |
| Ever | 129 (43.9) | 89 (30.3) | 123 (65.4) | 88 (54.7) | 6 (5.7) | 1 (0.8) | |||
| Drinking status | |||||||||
| Never | 147 (50.0) | 180 (61.2) | 0.006 | 60 (31.9) | 58 (36.0) | 0.041 | 87 (82.1) | 122 (91.7) | 0.148 |
| Seldom | 61 (20.7) | 63 (21.4) | 44 (23.4) | 54 (33.5) | 17 (16.0) | 9 (6.8) | |||
| Often | 37 (12.6) | 23 (7.8) | 36 (19.1) | 22 (13.7) | 1 (0.9) | 1 (0.8) | |||
| Daily | 49 (16.7) | 28 (9.5) | 48 (25.5) | 27 (16.8) | 1 (0.9) | 1 (0.8) | |||
| Eating breakfast | |||||||||
| Never | 5 (2.2) | 3 (1.0) | <0.001 | 3 (2.1) | 3 (1.9) | 0.051 | 2 (2.4) | 0 (0.0) | 0.001 |
| Seldom | 19 (8.2) | 6 (2.1) | 9 (6.2) | 4 (2.5) | 10 (11.8) | 2 (1.5) | |||
| Often | 31 (13.4) | 20 (6.9) | 20 (13.7) | 10 (6.3) | 11 (12.9) | 10 (7.6) | |||
| Daily | 176 (76.2) | 261 (90.0) | 114 (78.1) | 142 (89.3) | 62 (72.9) | 119 (90.8) | |||
*
Two-sided test.