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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Apr 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Neural Transm (Vienna). 2012 Dec 21;120(4):571–576. doi: 10.1007/s00702-012-0956-y

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Proposed model of longitudinal changes in UPSIT scores over time in normal aging, PD without and with incipient cognitive impairment. PD subjects without cognitive decline will have an early floor effect and subsequent stability. This may represent PD as a Lewy body disease with predominant dopaminergic denervation. In contrast, PD subjects with cognitive decline will exhibit progressive olfactory impairment that may parallel the development of PD as a multisystem, including cholinergic, degeneration syndrome.