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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Jun 1.
Published in final edited form as: Drug Alcohol Depend. 2012 Nov 10;130(0):68–76. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2012.10.011

Table 2.

Median (range) pharmacokinetic parameters of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), 11-nor-9-carboxy-THC (THCCOOH), cannabidiol (CBD) and cannabinol (CBN), before and after 5 and 15 mg oral THC and low-dose (5.4 mg THC + 5 CBD) and high-dose (16.2 mg THC + 15 mg CBD) oromucosal Sativex in 14 healthy adult cannabis smokers. Participants with no positive results throughout collection in each dosing session were excluded from calculations.

Analyte Dose Na Cinitialb Cmaxc Tmax, hd Claste Tlast, hf
THC, ng/mL 5 mg oral THC 6 3.7 (<LOQ-9.0) 6.0 (0.8–12.7) 0.6 (−0.5–1.0) 1.2 (0.7–3.7) 10.5 (0.25–10.5)
15 mg oral THC 8 0.8 (<LOQ-20.5) 1.6 (0.7–20.5) 0.3 (−0.5–4.5) 0.9 (0.5–5.8) 4.5 (1–10.5)
Low Sativex 14 0.8 (<LOQ-12.8) 1815 (266–11424) 0.25 (0.25–1.0) 17.3 (1.0–60.0) 10.5
High Sativex 14 <LOQ (<LOQ-10.1) 7853 (1323–18216) 0.25 34.5 (2.9–92.0) 10.5
THCCOOH, pg/mL 5 mg oral THC 9 32.9 (<LOQ-109) 39.1 (7.7–191) 7.5 (−0.5–10.5) 34.0 (7.7–191) 10.5 (7.5–10.5)
15 mg oral THC 11 15.9 (<LOQ-274) 49.3 (8.0–311) 7.5 (1.0–10.5) 44.5 (8.0–311) 10.5 (4.5–10.5)
Low Sativex 11 25.6 (<LOQ-129) 44.2 (8.8–226) 4.5 (−0.5–10.5) 12.6 (8.3–141) 10.5 (7.5–10.5)
High Sativex 12 11.9 (<LOQ-138) 35.6 (8.5–184) 7.5 (−0.5–10.5) 25.2 (8.5–176) 10.5 (0.25–10.5)
CBD, ng/mL 5 mg oral THC 0 NA NA NA NA NA
15 mg oral THC 1 <LOQ 0.8 0.25 0.6 1.0
Low Sativex 14 <LOQ 1975 (196–12120) 0.25 (0.25–4.5) 22.6 (0.5–67.8) 10.5
High Sativex 14 <LOQ 7129 (1552–18636) 0.25 34.6 (0.8–131) 10.5
CBN, ng/mL 5 mg oral THC 0 NA NA NA NA NA
15 mg oral THC 1 1.1 1.1 −0.5 1.1 −0.5
Low Sativex 14 <LOQ (<LOQ-1.1) 140 (9.5–560) 0.25 (0.25–1.0) 2.0 (1.1–3.5) 7.5 (4.5–10.5)
High Sativex 14 <LOQ (<LOQ-1.3) 414 (74–2232) 0.25 2.4 (1.2–6.9) 10.5 (7.5–10.5)
a

number of participants with cannabinoid concentrations >limit of quantification (LOQ) before and/or after dosing, and included in calculation of Cinitial, Cmax, Tmax, Clast and TClast

b

Cinitial, concentrations 0.5h prior to dosing

c

Cmax, maximum concentration

d

Tmax, time of Cmax

e

Clast, last specimen concentration ≥LOQ (0.5 ng/mL for THC and CBD; 7.5 pg/mL for THCCOOH; 1 ng/mL for CBN)

f

TClast, time of Clast