Table 1.
Clinical characteristics in different groups according to the numbers of vascular-related diseases
| Characteristics | Group 0 N=12 |
Group 1 N=33 |
Group 2 N=34 |
Group 3 N=9 |
p Values |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 54.4±9.5 | 63.5±13.1 | 73.2±10.0 | 76.1±10.3 | <0.01 |
| Sex (male/female) | 4/8 | 20/13 | 16/18 | 6/3 | 0.283 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 22.4±3.3 | 23.9±3.9 | 23.3±4.4 | 25.7±2.6 | 0.32 |
| LDL (mmol/l) | 1.82±0.4 | 1.83±0.6 | 1.71±0.4 | 1.84±0.2 | 0.759 |
| HDL (mmol/l) | 1.90±2.9 | 0.95±0.2 | 1.01±0.3 | 1.00±0.25 | 0.078 |
| Hs-CRP (mg/l) | 4.73±10.8 | 8.14±15.3 | 10.79±15.3 | 17.2±35.8 | 0.496 |
| HbA1c (%) | 5.78±0.3 | 5.92±0.5 | 5.86±0.3 | 5.98±1.7 | 0.917 |
| Hcy (μmol/l) | 11.0±2.8 | 19.0±9.1 | 16.7±6.4 | 21.1±8.5 | 0.006 |
| Urinary microalbumin | 3.66±4.4 | 16.69±39.0 | 7.50±10.9 | 13.90±22.4 | 0.522 |
| Heart rate | 75.5±9.6 | 72.4±13.3 | 74.7±13.4 | 69.4±8.5 | 0.621 |
| ABI | 1.10±0.13 | 1.10±0.09 | 1.06±0.14 | 1.02±0.21 | 0.284 |
| SBP (mm Hg) | 126.0±13.8 | 138.6±19.8 | 145.3±23.1 | 154.3±23.4 | 0.012 |
| DBP (mm Hg) | 79.5±7.2 | 81.7±9.5 | 82.7±9.7 | 86.1±9.9 | 0.479 |
| CF-PWV | 9.17±2.6 | 12.33±3.0 | 13.03±2.8 | 13.85±1.86 | <0.001 |
| CR-PWV | 9.34±0.92 | 10.12±1.98 | 9.8±2.21 | 10.29±2.96 | 0.648 |
| CAVI | 7.51±0.9 | 8.23±2.4 | 9.09±2.3 | 9.34±2.0 | 0.08 |
The differences between groups were analysed by one-way analysis of variance; proportions were analysed by χ2 test.
Group 0, without diseases of hypertension, CAD, ASO; Group 1, with one of diseases of hypertension, CAD, ASO; Group 2, with two of diseases of hypertension, CAD, ASO; Group 3, with all diseases of hypertension, CAD, ASO.
ABI, ankle-brachial index; ASO, arteriosclerosis obliterans; BMI, body mass index; CAD, coronary artery disease; CAVI, cardioankle vascular index; CF-PWV, carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity; CR-PWV, carotid-radial pulse wave velocity; CRP, C reactive protein; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; Hcy, homocysteine; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; SBP, systolic blood pressure.