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. 2013 Jan-Mar;5(1):33–46.

Table 2.

Examples of the expression of human recombinant proteins (RPs) in the milk of transgenic animals (TAs)

RP (construct) Regulatory elements TA/method of production Maximum level of RP production in milk, mg/ml Reference
Albumin (native gene) β-casein promoter (goat) + insulator Cow/NT 40 [15]
α-fetoprotein (native gene) β-casein promoter (goat) + insulator Goat/NT 1.1 [58]
Butyrylcholinesterase (cDNA) –“– Goat/NT 5 [59]
Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (native gene) –“– Goat/NT 0.05 [60]
Growth hormone (native gene) β-casein promoter (goat) Goat/NT 0.07 [61]
Antithrombin (cDNA) β-casein promoter (goat) Goat/MI 2 [62]
Coagulation Factor IX (mini-gene) –“– Mouse/MI 0.026 [63]
Tissue plasminogen activator (cDNA) –“– Goat/MI 3 [64]
Coagulation Factor IX (cDNA) β-casein promoter (cow) Goat/MI 9.5 × 10-5 [65]
Growth hormone (native gene) β-casein promoter (cow) Cow/NT 5 [66]
Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (native gene) α-S1- casein promoter (goat) Mouse/MI 0.04 [67]
Erythropoietin(cDNA) β-lactoglobulin promoter (cow) Mouse/rabbit/MI 0.3 (mouse) [68]
0.5 (rabbit)
Lysostaphin (native gene) β-lactoglobulin promoter (sheep) Cow/NT 0.014 [69]
Lysostaphin (cDNA) β-lactoglobulin promoter (sheep) Mouse/MI 1.3 [70]
C1-esterase inhibitor (native gene) WAP-promoter (mouse) Rabbit/MI 1.8 [71]
Coagulation Factor IX (cDNA) WAP-promoter (mouse) Pig/MI 4 [72]
Coagulation Factor VIII (cDNA) WAP-promoter (mouse) Rabbit/MI 0.1 [73, 74]