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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Jan 8.
Published in final edited form as: Cell Metab. 2013 Jan 8;17(1):3–4. doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2012.12.008

Figure 1. Regulation and Function of PGC-1α Variants by Exercise in Skeletal Muscle.

Figure 1

Endurance training activates the proximal promoter of PGC-1α, whereas resistance exercise stimulates the alternative promoter. Proximal promoter usage and generation of the 1α1 isoform to regulate endurance exercise-dependent skeletal muscle remodeling has been well established. Ruas and colleagues (Ruas et al., 2012) have now proposed a function for a PGC-1α isoform (1α4) during resistance training. Use of the alternative promoter, along with splicing of a premature stop codon between exons 6 and 7, results in 1α4 isoform expression and induction of skeletal muscle hypertrophy.