Table 3. Metabolite Differences Between Patient Groups (µmol/g of tissue).

Metabolite Category	Non-Failing	Failing	Post-VAD
Glucose/Sugars
Glucose	1.49±0.54	0.72±0.61*	1.46±0.61**
Lactate	11.2±3.69	5.72±5.76*	15.6±5.54**
Amino Acids
Glutamine	7.46±1.64	4.74±1.99*	5.22±0.53
Alanine	4.88±1.44	2.13±1.57*	2.83±1.6
Aromatic Amino Acids	10.8±1.64	8.29±2.80*	7.19±3.23
Other
Total Creatine	10.4±1.97	4.70±3.32*	5.20±3.4
Succinate	3.55±0.91	2.19±1.23*	3.48±1.25

Metabolite differences between non-failing and failing hearts (* = p<0.05) and failing and post-VAD hearts (** = p<0.05).