HopQ1 interaction with 14-3-3s is not critical for its perception by host plants. A, Binary vectors encoding either wild-type HopQ1 or HopQ1-S51A were introduced via agroinfiltration into tobacco leaves. The hypersensitive response developed in the infiltrated area within 48 h in response to both A. tumefaciens strains. In contrast, no macroscopic signs of tissue necrotization developed in control leaves expressing GFP. B, N. benthamiana plants were inoculated with PsyB728a strains carrying pBBR1-MCS2 derivatives, which express HopQ1, HopQ1-S51A, or mCherry protein, as a control. Disease symptoms developed only in control plants treated with PsyB728a encoding mCherry protein. The photographs were taken 10 d post inoculation. The experiment was performed twice, with similar results.