Table 1.
Characteristics of 23,718 incident dialysis patients according to modality status at day 90, modality switches over the first 2 years, and transplant status (Trp) in DaVita dialysis clinics from July 1, 2001 to June 30, 2006
| Modality at Day 90 | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Incident HD Patients (n=22,360) | Incident PD Patients (n=1,358) | |||||||||
| Always HD | Switched HD to PD | P Value | Always PD | Switched PD to HD | P Value | |||||
| Not Trp | Trp | Not Trp | Trp | Not Trp | Trp | Not Trp | Trp | |||
| N | 19,884 | 1292 | 1091 | 93 | 419 | 167 | 695 | 77 | ||
| Age (yr) | 64±15 | 48±14 | 55±15 | 44±15 | <0.001 | 62±15 | 47±13 | 57±15 | 48±15 | <0.001 |
| Sex (women) | 46% | 38% | 43% | 40% | <0.001 | 48% | 47% | 47% | 43% | 0.87 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 64% | 43% | 52% | 39% | <0.001 | 59% | 36% | 57% | 48% | <0.001 |
| Race | ||||||||||
| Non-Hispanic white | 43% | 51% | 51% | 52% | <0.001 | 56% | 64% | 47% | 56% | 0.04 |
| Black | 30% | 19% | 25% | 20% | <0.001 | 16% | 16% | 23% | 22% | 0.03 |
| Hispanic | 18% | 18% | 13% | 14% | 0.003 | 13% | 8.4% | 18% | 17% | 0.009 |
| Asian | 3% | 5% | 5% | 11% | <0.001 | 7% | 6% | 5% | 5% | 0.68 |
| Employment status | ||||||||||
| Retired | 56% | 25% | 43% | 24% | <0.001 | 56% | 13% | 43% | 29% | <0.001 |
| Employed | 14% | 49% | 30% | 43% | <0.001 | 26% | 72% | 36% | 47% | <0.001 |
| Unemployed | 29% | 26% | 28% | 33% | 0.02 | 18% | 14% | 20% | 25% | 0.21 |
| Primary insurance | ||||||||||
| Medicare | 63% | 34% | 53% | 45% | <0.001 | 46% | 22% | 51% | 39% | <0.001 |
| Medicaid | 8% | 4% | 5% | 7% | <0.001 | 3% | 1% | 5% | 1% | 0.06 |
| Other | 30% | 62% | 42% | 49% | <0.001 | 52% | 77% | 44% | 61% | <0.001 |
| Marital status | ||||||||||
| Married | 47% | 60% | 53% | 59% | <0.001 | 66% | 72% | 61% | 59% | 0.16 |
| Divorced | 8% | 7% | 7% | 6% | 0.94 | 7% | 6% | 7% | 4% | 0.86 |
| Single | 27% | 30% | 28% | 29% | 0.21 | 15% | 20% | 22% | 27% | 0.09 |
| Widowed | 18% | 3% | 11% | 4% | <0.001 | 11% | 2% | 10% | 9% | 0.05 |
| Comorbidities | ||||||||||
| AIDS | 0.6% | 0.1% | 0.5% | 0.1% | 0.43 | 0.8% | 0.1% | 0.8% | 0.1% | 0.75 |
| Atherosclerotic heart | 24% | 9% | 21% | 16% | <0.001 | 23% | 4% | 17% | 5% | 0.40 |
| Cancer | 4% | 2% | 4.5% | 3% | <0.001 | 4% | 2% | 4% | 1% | 0.07 |
| Heart failure | 31% | 11.6% | 23% | 7.5% | <0.001 | 21% | 4.8% | 17% | 12% | <0.001 |
| COPD | 7% | 2% | 5% | 1% | <0.001 | 4% | 0.6% | 4% | 1% | 0.12 |
| Cerebral-vascular disease | 8% | 2% | 5% | 2% | <0.001 | 7% | 3% | 6% | 7% | 0.34 |
| HIV | 0.9% | 0.1% | 1.8% | 0.1% | 0.01 | 2% | 0.1% | 0.3% | 0.1% | 0.12 |
| Hypertension | 79% | 79% | 79% | 76% | 0.62 | 80% | 75% | 84% | 79% | 0.06 |
| Nonambulatory | 4% | 0.4% | 2% | 0.1% | <0.001 | 2% | 0.1% | 0.4% | 1% | 0.08 |
| Other heart diseases | 5% | 2% | 4% | 0.1% | <0.001 | 6% | 2% | 3% | 1% | 0.06 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 13% | 4.5% | 9.3% | 3% | <0.001 | 12% | 4% | 10.% | 3% | 0.006 |
| Smoker | 5% | 4% | 5% | 2% | 0.24 | 4% | 3% | 6% | 7% | 0.31 |
| BMI (kg/m2)a | 25.4 (22.0–29.9) | 25.4 (22.5–29.5) | 26.3 (22.7–30.9) | 25.1 (21.5–28.3) | 0.01 | 25.5 (23.3–27.8) | 27.8 (21.7–28.3) | 26.0 (22.3–30.2) | 26.1 (21.4–34.1) | 0.87 |
| Laboratory data | ||||||||||
| nPCR (g/kg per day) | 0.93±0.25 | 0.98±0.2 | 0.91±0.3 | 0.93±0.2 | <0.001 | 0.80±0.3 | 0.88±0.2 | 0.91±0.3 | 0.74±0.3 | 0.14 |
| Albumin (g/dl) | 3.6±0.5 | 3.8±0.4 | 3.7±0.5 | 3.9±0.4 | <0.001 | 3.4±0.5 | 3.8±0.4 | 3.5±0.6 | 3.7±0.5 | <0.001 |
| Creatinine (mg/dl) | 6.8±2.7 | 9.1±3.0 | 7.4±3.2 | 9.1±3.7 | <0.001 | 6.5±2.6 | 7.7±2.7 | 7.1±3.0 | 8.0±2.9 | <0.001 |
| Ferritin (ng/ml)a | 246 (126–458) | 195 (93–354) | 230 (114–453) | 196 (86–374) | <0.001 | 229 (132–381) | 249 (141–464) | 291 (157–473) | 278 (126–436) | 0.008 |
| TIBC (mg/dl) | 213±46 | 227±43 | 224±48 | 236±40 | <0.001 | 243±52 | 257±47 | 247±49 | 250±49 | 0.02 |
| Calcium (mg/dl) | 9.1±0.7 | 9.3±0.7 | 9.2±0.7 | 9.3±0.6 | <0.001 | 9.1±0.7 | 9.3±0.7 | 9.1±0.7 | 9.5±0.8 | <0.001 |
| Phosphorous (mg/dl) | 5.4±1.4 | 5.9±1.3 | 5.5±1.5 | 5.6±1.2 | <0.001 | 4.9±1.2 | 5.1±1.2 | 5.0±1.3 | 5.3±1.2 | 0.04 |
| Intact PTH (pg/ml)a | 224 (128–377) | 238 (134–405) | 231 (121–399) | 280 (119–445) | 0.02 | 182 (86–414) | 128 (45–278) | 257 (75–386) | 134 (62–255) | 0.01 |
| Hemoglobin (g/dl) | 12.1±1.4 | 12.4±1.4 | 12.2±1.5 | 12.3±1.2 | <0.001 | 12.3±1.5 | 12.6±1.4 | 12.3±1.4 | 12.6±1.4 | 0.04 |
| White blood count (×103/μl) | 7.7±2.5 | 7.3±2.1 | 7.7±2.5 | 7.1±2.0 | <0.001 | 7.9±3.5 | 7.2±2.1 | 7.4±2.3 | 7.6±2.3 | 0.03 |
| Lymphocytes (% white blood count) | 20±7.6 | 22±7.6 | 20±7.5 | 21±7.0 | <0.001 | 19±7.3 | 20±7.4 | 20±7.3 | 23±7.7 | 0.003 |
COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; BMI, body mass index; nPCR, normalized protein catabolic rate; TIBC, total iron-binding capacity; PTH, parathyroid hormone.
a
Median and 25th and 75th percentiles presented instead of mean, because the predictor was not normally distributed.